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| (√)There was a time when few Anglo-American journals would use Marxist terms or models to analyze Western issues or problems. With the collapse of the Kremlin, however, old taboos began to give way.D) [however is correctly contradicting only behavior over time] Clearly we can see that beginning an entire paragraph with However would also be incorrect in most situations. Always try to clarify the usage of however by providing specific information before it and selecting appropriate information to follow it. Now let’s return to our initial example, and try to correct our student’s introductory paragraph: “Many people believe the years spent at college are the most important of one’s life. On the contrary, other people think the time could be better spent working. However, I agree with the former, that college is an invaluable experience.” —On the contrary is incorrectly used, because in writing it should join similar ideas, not contrasting ones as in this sentence. The writer means to say in contrast. But this phrase is not needed, because Many people / other people already signals the contrasting idea. — However appears to contrast both other people and spending time working. [as in: Other people think the time could be better spent working. However, these people also think...] However should be placed after I to emphasize the contrasting opinions of the writer and the other people. “Many people believe the years spent at college are the most important of one’s life. Other people think the time could be better spent working. I, however, agree with the former, that college is an invaluable experience.” In a future issue we will discuss transitional phrases to express exception and inclusion — besides, except, including, moreover — which also have specific uses. The best way to understand the appropriate usage of transitional phrases is to study their context in official documents, journal articles and news from English-speaking countries. 1.capable of replacing each other 2.logical order of reasoning 3.opposing 4.North Americans say video games, not computer games, because they had gaming systems like Nintendo before they had home computers. 5.捐款 6.校友，毕业生 7.仅仅的 8.不知足的, 贪求无厌的 Sources: A.http://www.wsu.edu/~brians/errors/contrary.html B.Lake, John. Using “on the contrary”: the conceptual problems for EAP students. ELT Journal 2004. 58(2):137-144. C.http://www.inter-biotec.com/biowc/correctuse/cmp.html D.http://www.leeds.ac.uk/arts/studyskills/writtenassignments/page_11.htm |
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