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| 本期人物：詹姆斯·李普(James P. Leape)，世界自然基金会(WWF)全球总干事，早年毕业于哈佛大学，先后获得文学学士和法学博士学位，在环境保护领域有超过25年的工作经验。最早的职业是环保案件律师，是美国环境保护相关法律条文的起草人之一。1989年进入世界自然基金会(美国)，任执行副总裁，自2005年12月起担任世界自然基金会（WWF）总干事。他既是世界自然基金会的总执行官，也是基金会这个覆盖100多个国家、拥有每年超过7亿瑞士法郎募集资金的全球网络的领导人。 We Have Only One Earth 我们只有一个地球 Shui: My colleagues, when they were preparing this interview, they checked your website. They found a small test called the Ecological Footprint. They did it. The result is that they need 4 Earths to survive. Tell us, in your office, or among the WWF, do you also do tests like this? Leape: Yes. The work of conservation1) is often very serious work. We need to be able to engage people all over the world. The tests, the various quizzes that you find on our website, are partly about that, about how you engage people. And to go to the Footprint, yes, I mean we誶e quite serious about the Footprint, and helping each of us understand what impact we have on the planet. Shui: So for the answer, the conclusion like“4 Earths”, is that a surprise for you? Leape: No, but I think we can agree it’s too many. Shui: Too many, of course. Because we only have one. Leape: We only have one. Shui: According to your tests, I guess the majority of people who are trying to do, if they do this test, the answer could be more than one, right? Leape: Yes. I mean, the average at the global level is 1.25, one and a quarter. So we誶e already 25% above the Earth’s capacity to support us. And that’s one of our messages: that you look at how we all now live on the planet; we need to find ways to tread more lightly on the natural world. The Health of Our Planet 当前全球环境形势 Shui: Would you please use very brief language to give us a very brief description of the situation we are now today in, the general environment of the planet we are living in. What is the situation? Severe2)? Challenging? Or optimistic? Leape: I think it’s all of those things. It is certainly severely challenging at the moment. We are putting more pressure on the planet than it has ever faced. And the analyses we do suggest that we誶e putting pressure on the planet at a level that can not be sustained in the long term; it is beyond the Earth’s capacity to restore itself. And we see that in the statistics, about what’s happening to wildlife populations around the world. Our statistics looking at 1,300 different species tell us that there is an overall decline that is steep and continuous. That in the last 30 years,there’s been a 30% decline in the health of wildlife populations. So we know that the planet is changing for the worse, and that we need to act urgently to do something about it. The reason I say “optimistic” is that we know what to do; we have the technology to fix this problem. The challenge is simply to muster3) the political will to do something about it, to get on with meeting that challenge. But there’s no question that we can. Shui: So I guess that’s also the reason why we have the WWF. We have the tremendous and magnificent works that have been, you know, carried out throughout the world by your fund, right? |
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