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| 你会正确使用“and”、“also”、“as well as”和“furthermore” 吗？你知道这些连接词之间的细微差别吗？Jamie本期将为你详细讲解。 ●Transitional Phrases1) of Opposition (Continued) Last month we discussed transitional phrases of opposition. There is still one such phrase in particular that we should study: on the other hand. On (the) one hand... on the other hand — Your hands are perfect opposites: one on the left and one on the right. Your right hand can shake another person’s right hand; they match. Your right can’t shake a left. Why? Because they oppose each other. People often fail to consider this when speaking and writing in English. On the other hand means exactly opposite, but is often mistakenly used in an attempt to express in addition/also/furthermore/however. On one hand, playing sports will increase our metabolism2), resulting in stronger physical health. On the other hand, sports help to refresh our minds. [Both points are advantages of sports; similar“hands”.] (×) Playing sports will increase our metabolism, resulting in stronger physical health. In addition, sports help to refresh our minds. (√) On one hand, playing sports will increase our metabolism, resulting in stronger physical health. On the other hand, many high-endurance athletes have suffered dehydration3), shock and burnout from overexertion4). [One advantage and one opposite (not just different) disadvantage; opposite “hands”.] (√) On the other hand, like however, can only be used to contrast (two ideas/outcomes/possibilities).A) In this way, its usage in English and Chinese differs. Keep in mind that on the other hand is conversational, and rarely used in professional English writing.B) ●Transitional Phrases of Addition Last month we recognized that each transitional phrase has a specific meaning and should be used only in its specific context. Most English textbooks, however, group all similar transitional phrases together. Such a group may look like — Phrases of addition: and, also, too, as well as, in addition, another, furthermore, moreover. These groups lead the student to believe that all the phrases mean the same thing. This is not true. Each phrase is slightly different from the other. For the phrases of addition listed above, each one implies a different level of importance of the item being added. If we use a different phrase, we give more or less importance to the subject. ex. He is skilled at X and Y. [Skills X and Y are equal.] He is skilled at X. Y, too. [Skill Y is less developed than skill X.] The figure below lists common phrases of addition, with the importance of their subjects in comparison to another subject, and is followed by examples of each phrase.  ■To list subjects of equal importance (=) And — I love baseball and football. [Love for baseball is as strong as love for football.] ■To list a second subject of equal or lesser importance (≤) Also — I love baseball. I also enjoy football. [Love for football is weaker than love for baseball, but still strong.] |
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