词汇必备 (一)易混淆的多义词 1. bank 表示(1)银行;(2)河岸。 2. tip 表示(1)建议,例,some useful tips;(2)小费、给…小费,例,I tipped the man several dollars.(3)尖、顶端,例,finger tip:指尖,常用习语:on the tip of one’s tongue表示就在嘴边却一时想不起来。 3. awful 表示丑陋的、非常差的;但是awfully表示很、非常,例,awfully nervous:相当紧张;awfully good:相当好。 4. be worn out 表示(1)筋疲力尽,例,I was completely worn out at the end of the day:那天要结束时,我彻底地疲惫不堪;(2)褴褛的、破旧不堪的,例,After many years my shirt was worn out. 5. check 表示(1)检查、核实,check-in表示登机检查;(2)支票; 6. count 表示(1)数、计算;(2)count on表示依赖,等于rely on,例,You can count on me to deal with the emergent case. 7. ring 表示(1)鸣、敲响、按铃,例,ring the bell;(2)打电话,例,Please give me a ring tonight;(3)环状物;(4)戒指,例,give her an engagement ring:给她订婚戒指;(5)团伙,例,a criminal ring:犯罪团伙。 8. drop 表示(1)滴,例,drops of water;(2)下降,例,a drop in the price of gold(3)拜访,常用词组:drop in、drop in on;(4)放弃,例,I’ll have to drop the case:我不得不要放弃这件事了。 9. film 表示(1)电影;(2)胶卷。 10. kid表示(1)孩子;(2)开玩笑,例,Are you kidding?你不是在开玩笑吧?表示不太相信。 11. account 表示(名词)(1)说明;描述,如,There are different account of stories in the newspaper;(2)帐户;如,bank account; (3)理由;常用习语:take into account:把…考虑在内;on account of:因为;由于 by/from all accounts:不论从哪方面讲。 (动词):解释;说明,常用习语:account for:是…的原因;bring somebody to account:责任某人解释(含有批评惩罚之意) 12. spare 表示(形容词)(1)业余的、空闲的;(2)备用的、多余的,如a spare tire:备用轮胎;(动词)(1)提供给,如,Could you spare me a few minutes? I am doing a survey.;(2)赦免、宽恕,如,God will no spare those who commit sin:天网恢恢,疏而不漏;常用习语:spare no efforts:不遗余力。 13. figure表示(名词)(1)身影;(2)数字;(动词)认为;常用习语:figure out: 想出;例,figure out a way to solve the problem: 想出解决问题的办法。 (二)场景必备词: Hotel: single room / double room / reservation:预定/ front desk:前台/ a honey-moon suite:蜜月套房/ book预定 Restaurant: menu:菜单/ order:订单/ salad / soft drink:软饮料/ dessert:饭后甜点/ ice cream/ soup / go Dutch:AA制、各付各账/ beef steak:牛排/ mutton:羊肉/ make a reservation:预定、预约 Library: borrow/ due:到期/ over-due:逾期/ fine:罚款/ renew:续借/ catalogue/ volume/ English version:英文版本 Post Office: mail/ parcel:包裹/ airmail/ registered letter:挂号信 / postage:邮费 Store: discount:折扣/ bargain:讨价还价/ medium-sized:中等尺寸的、中号的/ old-fashioned/ counter:柜台/ catalog:商品目录 Bank: open an account:开户/ deposit:存款/ signature:签名 Hospital: flu/ fever/ cough/ pills/ tablet/ take medicine/ stomachache/ temperature/ prescribed drug:处方药/ symptom:症状/ indigestion:消化不良/ operation/ vaccine injection:疫苗注射/ immune system:免疫系统/ appointment School: Bachelor’s degree/ Master’s degree/ Doctor’s degree/ dormitory/ semester/ term paper/ tuition fee/ registration:注册、登记/ required course:必修课/ optional course:选修课/ cafeteria /canteen:食堂/ signature/ credit/ failing grade/ quit school/ major/ minor Airport: flight/ take off/ land /boarding:登记/ fasten your seatbelt:系好安全带/check-in:登记前检查 / departure time:起飞时间/ airlines:航空公司 Street: driving license:驾照/ run a red light/ speeding:超速/ fine/ lane line:分道线/ bicycle lane/ vehicle:机动车 (三)常用习语 around the corner | 临近 | on the corner | 在拐角 | back out | 退出;放弃 | be booked up | 被预定完、预定光了 | behind schedule | 晚点 | break down | (机器,汽车)坏了,出故障 | count on | 依靠,指望… | count in/ | 把...算在内,包括在内 | depend on | (1)依靠…;(2)取决于 | easier said than down | 说起来容易做起来难 | financial aid | 助学金、财政援助 | get/be used to doing | 习惯于… | used to do | 过去常常做某事 | figure out | 弄明白,分辨出 | in person | 亲自 | keep an eye on | 留意、照看 | kill time | 打发时间、消遣 | make ends meet | 收支相抵、收支平衡 | make it | 成功,办成某事 | make on difference | 没什么区别、没什么两样 | no wonder | 难怪,怪不得 | let alone | 更不用说… | how come | 怎么会 | under no circumstance | 决不 | thanks to | 由于 | count on | 依靠,指望… | count in/ | 把...算在内,包括在内 | depend on | (1)依靠…;(2)取决于 | You said it。 | 你说得对 | You bet. | 当然, 真的, 的确 | You may say that again. | 完全同意 | can’t agree with you more/better | 完全同意 | the last thing (one) I want to 。。。 | 最不愿意做的…,看到… | You are kidding./Are you kidding? | 你在开玩笑吧(表示不相信)… | have one’s hands full | 忙得不可开交, 手头事情应接不暇 | give me a hand | 帮个忙 | go in one ear, come out of the other | 一只耳朵进,一只耳朵出 | turn a deaf ear to | 对…的话不当回事 | lend me an ear | 听我倾诉、 | a good listener | 好的倾诉对象 | in a mess | 乱七八糟 | be messed up | 一团糟 | cheer up | 使振奋, 感到振奋 | nonsense | 胡说 | make sense | 有道理 | ring a bell | 听起来很熟 | We are even。 | 我们扯平了/互不相欠。 | even number (odd number) | 偶数(奇数) | toss and turn | 翻来覆去 | second to | 仅次于 | second to none | 最…、首屈一指、 | Let’s call it a day. | 今天就做到这里吧! | It’s just on the tip of my tongue. | 就在嘴边,一时想不起来。 | worn out | 用破,用旧 | What he earns is just enough to keep | | his body and soul together. | 他挣的钱只够糊口。 | learn (know)… by heart | 熟记、 | touch upon | 涉及 |
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