2017年高考英语知识点汇总
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形容词和副词
I. 形容词
1.形容词的位置：形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况下后置
1修饰some, any, every, no和body, thing, one等构成的复合不定代词时nobody absent, everything possible
2以-able, -ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名词之后the best book available, the only solution possible
3alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等作定语时后置the only person awake
4和空间、时间、单位连用时a bridge 50 meters long
5成对的形容词可以后置a huge room simple and beautiful
6形容词短语一般后置a man difficult to get on with
7enough修饰名词时可以前置也可以后置，但修饰形容词或副词时要后置______to take his adventure course will certainly learn a
lot of useful skills.(NMET2000)
A.Brave enough students B.Enough breave students
C.Students brave enough D.Students enough brave
注意：多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序
熟记口诀就可以顺利解题：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老，颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠。
规则：限定语(The、A)+ 描绘性形容词 + size(小)+ shape(形状)+ age(年龄、时间)+ color(颜色)+ origin(国籍、来源)+ material(材料)+ purpose(目的)+ 名词。
▲This ________ girl is Linda’s cousin. (05北京卷)
A. pretty little Spanish B. Spanish little pretty C. Spanish pretty little D. little pretty Spanish
2.复合形容词的构成
1形容词+名词+edkind-hearted6名词+形容词world-famous
2形容词+形容词dark-blue7名词+现在分词peace-loving
3形容词+现在分词ordinary-looking8名词+过去分词snow-covered
4副词+现在分词hard-working9数词+名词+edthree-egged
5副词+过去分词newly-built10数词+名词twenty-year
3.形容词(短语)作伴随状语
As he looked at the goat, it rolled over, dead. 当他看着山羊的时候，山羊翻了个身，死了。
Afraid of difficulties, they prefer to take the easy road.由于害怕困难，他们宁愿走好走的路。
II.副词的分类：
1时间副词soon, now, early, finally, once, recently5频度副词always, often, frequently, seldom, never
2地点副词here, nearby, outside, upwards, above6疑问副词how, where, when, why
3方式副词hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, really7连接副词how, when, where, why, whether, however, meanwhile
4程度副词almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, rather8关系副词when, where, why
III. 形容词和副词的比较等级
形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级，比较级和最高级。比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est，多音节和一些双音节词前加more 和most。
项 目例 句
同级比较时常常用 as…as…以及not so(as)…as…She is as tall as her mother.
I am not as/ so good a player as you are.
双方比较，表示一方超过另一方时，用“比较级 (+ than)”
的结构表示。要注意题干中将比较的另一方阴藏起来的情况。This picture is more beautiful than that one.
I have never seen such a more interesting film (than this one).
表示一方不及另一方时，用“less + 原级 + than”的结构表示This room is less beautiful than that one.
表示一方随另一方变化时用“the more…the more…”句型The harder you work, the more progress you will make
用比较级来表达最高级的意思I have never spent a more worrying day.
我从来没有度过这样令人烦恼的一天。
(意为：我度过了最为令人烦恼的一天。)
倍数的表达表达法一：A is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length etc.)of B.
The new building is four times the size(the height)of the old one.
这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大(高)/这座新楼比那座旧楼大(高)三倍。
表达法二：A is three(four, etc.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as B.
Asia is four times as large as Europe.
亚洲是欧洲的四倍大/亚洲比欧洲大三倍。
表达法三：A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, longer, etc.)than B.
Your school is three times bigger than ours.
你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。
用times 表倍数通常用于三倍以上，两倍可以用twice或double.
注意：1. 可以修饰比较级的词有：much, many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, still, yet, by far, any, a great deal;
2. 表示“最高程度“的形容词没有最高级和比较级。如：favourite, excellent, extreme, perfect，superior,junior等。
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