高考英语不同体裁文章的阅读方法-应用文
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应用文的阅读方法
应用文不同于一般普通的文章，应用文措辞简洁明了、直截了当。应用文是一种使用范围比较广泛的文体，象广告、书信、列车或飞机的时刻表、产品说明书、宣传海报、简明新闻等都属于应用文，他们的目的都是为了向读者传输信息。在阅读这类文章时主要是注意细节信息，做题时，根据所提问题用寻读、跳读的方法更有效。
了解了应用文的措辞和内容特点，我们在实践中总结出读应用文的关键是：抓信息。例如：
(05江西卷 C段)
OUR KIDS ARE AMAZING-especially compared with everybody else’s (who seem to cry all the time). How do you show your love for your kids this holiday season? With toys that are smooth and colorful, interactive and exciting. And with ones that have educational value-because you are the boss.
1.FLAX ART HOSPITAL PUZZLE AND PLAY SET
Here is a toy that doesn’t need power-and the bike have to put it together themselves. This 50-piece puzzle set is made of soft-edged hardwood and makes a complete hospital, with an X-ray room. It also includes eight patients, a car and a driver. $135; flaxart.com.
2.TINY LOVE ACTIVITY BALL
Sure, it’s cool, but this colorful baby toy also develops problem solving and motor skills. It has a head and legs, a magnetic(磁性的) hand and a tail. Suitable for little ones from 6 to 36 months. $19.95; tinylove.com.
3.ROBOSAPIEN
This small, remote-control robot is really powerful. It performs 67 preprogrammed functions(功能), including throwing, kicking, picking up and dancing. You can even program your own function-which, sadly, does not include doing windows. $99; robosapienonline.com.
4.MINI PEDAL CAR
Want a Mini Cooper but can’t fit the family inside? Get one for the kids. They can jump into this Mini car, which comes in hot orange with a single adjustable(可调的) seat, and ride away. But it could spoil them for that used car they’ll be driving when they turn 16.For ages 3 to 5.$189; miniusA.com (click on “gear up,” then “Mini motoring gear”).
解析：快速scanning，我们知道这是一篇关于儿童玩具的广告。抓信息是关键，要抓住对我们答题有用的信息。我们先看问题，看题目对什么信息提问，这样就能做到有的放矢，先看64题。
64.Which toy is said to have the special design for children’s safety?
A.ROBOSAPIEN
B.MINI PEDAL CAR
C.FLAX ART HOSPITAL PUZZLE AND PLAY SET
D.TINY LOVE ACTIVITY BALL
该题问哪一个玩具为孩子的安全做了特别的设计?回到原文，我们很快发现在1.FLAX ART HOSPITAL PUZZLE AND PLAY SET中有This 50-piece puzzle set is made of soft-edged hardwood and makes a complete hospital, with an X-ray room.一句描述，注意句中的soft-edged，我们可得出答案：C。
65.Which toy are fit for three-year-old kids?
A.1 and 3. B.2 and 4. C.I and 2. D.3 and 4.
采用寻读的方法，很快找到答案：B。
66.Educational value is mentioned in all the toys EXCETP _________.
A.FLAX ART HOSPITAL PUZZLE AND PLAY SET
B.TINY LVE ACTIVITY BALL
C.ROBOSAPIEN
D.MINI PEDAL CAR
快速扫描四种玩具的特点，我们很快就能找到相关信息，得出答案：B。
67.This passage is written for __________.
A.parents B.children C.the writer D.the boss
家长才会给孩子买玩具，不言而喻，答案：A。
【实战演练练习二十六】(05山东卷 D篇)
Use your American Express Card to enjoy one-day privileges at four of America’s greatest museums. Note the participating museums, and their exciting special exhibitions that you will not want to miss, listed below.
Boston
Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum
Chairs
February 11--May 8, 2005
Italian furniture expert Fausto Calderai and Indian photographer Dayanita Singh present an exhibition of chairs from the museum’s collection and “chair photographs” from around the world presented in a Venetian-style hall housing world-famous masterpieces.
For more information: www.gardnermuseum.org
New York
The Noguchi Museum
Noguchi and Graham
December 1, 2004--May 1, 2005
Noguchi’s long-term collaboration with dancer Martha Graham is regarded by many as a high point in the history of both modern dance and art. The exhibition highlights nine of the sets created through this collaboration.
For more information: www.noguchi.org
Philadelphia
Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
In Full View: American Painting(1720--2005)
January 11--April 10, 2005
Founded in 1805, the Pennsylvania Academy has been home to America’s artists for 200 years. The Academy collects and exhibits the works of famous American artists, and is well-known for training fine artists. 2005 at the Academy begins with the largest exhibition of Academy’s distinguished American collection in the institution’s history.
For more information: www.pafA.org
Seattle
Seattle Museum of Glass
Murano: Glass from the Olnick Spanu Collection
Through November 7, 2004
This exhibition includes over 200 pieces of beautiful glass from Murano, the island of glassblowers near Venice, Italy. Watch live glass-blowing shows in the Hot Shop and see other modern glass exhibitions.
For more information: www.museumofglass.org
69.Which of the following websites offers information about the furniture show?
A.www.pafA.org B.www. museumofglass.org
C.www.noguchi.org D.www.gardnermuseum.org
70.We learn from the text that Martha Graham is _____.
A.a dancer B.a glassblower C.a painter D.a photographer
71.If you want to know the history of American painting, you may visit _____.
A.the Noguchi Museum B.Seattle Museum of Glass
C.Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum D.Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
(责任编辑：郭峰)
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