2012高考英语考点专题讲练:动词的时态和语态(2)

2012-01-12 11:38:04 来源:育路高考网

    2.现在进行时

    ①表示正在进行的动作;

    ②表示按计划安排即将发生的动作。

    She is leaving for Beijing.她要去北京。

    He is working as a teacher tomorrow.从明天起他要做老师。

    My father is coming to see me this Saturday.这个星期六我爸爸要来看我。

    ③代替一般现在时,描绘更加生动。

    The Changjiang River is flowing into the east.江水滚滚向东流。

    The sun is rising in the east.太阳从东方冉冉升起。

    ④与always, forever, constantly, continually连用,表示赞赏或厌恶等感情色彩,但并非强调动作正在进行;

    He is always helping others.他总是肯帮助他人。

    She is always forgetting something.她老是忘记某些事情。

    ⑤大多数动词可用于进行时,但也有些动词不用于进行时。

    常见的有:

    ▲感觉类:look, smell, feel, sound, taste, see, hear

    ▲情感类:like, love, prefer, admire, hate, fear

    ▲心态类:wish, hope, expect, want, need, believe, think, understand, agree, knowt

    ▲所有类:have, contain, won, hold, belong to等。

    3.现在完成时

    ①表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果,或说话时已完成的动作;

    I have finished the report./ She has cleaned the room.

    ②表示从过去开始,待续到现在的动作或状态,往往和“for……”, “since……”表述的一段时间状语连用;

    He has learned English for six years./ They have worked here since they left college.

    ③表示“曾经到过某地(人已回来)”用“have/has been to”;

    表示“到某地去了(还未回来)”用“have/has gone to”。

    —Where is Li Hua? -He has gone to the reading-room.

    —She knows a lot about Shanghai. -She has been there.

    ④在时间状语从句,条件状语从句或让步状语从句中表达将来某时已经完成的动作。

    When you have learned English, you will find it a bridge to so much knowledge.

    We‘ll start at six if it has stopped raining by then.

    注意:这里的现在完成时强调从句动作在主句动作之前完成, 如果两个动作同时或几乎同时发生, 则不必用完成时;试比较:

    I‘ll let you know as soon as I hear from her.

    She will call you when she gets home.

    ⑤短暂动词(即瞬间动词),join,lose,buy,borrow,leave,go,come,arrive,die,marry, finish,complete,begin,start,

    break out等,在完成时态中,其肯定式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。

    要译“他参军已经三年了”不能说:He has joined the army three years.可采用:

    ▲“ago法”:He joined the army three years ago.

    ▲“延续法”:He has been in the army for three years.

    ▲“since法”:It is/has been three years since he joined the army.

    注意:没有包括“现在”在内或不是截至“现在”为止的时间状语不能与现在完成时连用, 但“in(over) the

    past/last+时间段“要与现在完成时连用。

    4.现在完成进行时

    ①用来表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在(或今后还要继续一去)的动作;

    He has been doing the maths problems since 8:00.

    ②凡是不能用于现在进行时的动词均不能用于现成完成进行时。

    5.一般过去时

    ①表达特定的过去时间内发生的动作或存在的状况,或过去某一时间内经常发生或反复发生的动作或为;

    He often sang when he was a boy.

    He went to the cinema last night with her boy friend.

    ②用于I didn‘t know…或I forgot…,表示事先不知道或不记得,但现在已知道或记得的事情。

    用于I didn‘t know…或I forgot…,表示事先不知道或不记得,但现在已知道或记得的事情。

    I didn‘t know you were here.(现在已经知道)

    Sorry, I forgot to bring my book.(“忘记带书”已成为过去的事了)

    这一用法考生要特别注意。

    注意:参看过去将来时的用法②。

  (责任编辑:张影)

 2/4   首页 上一页 1 2 3 4 下一页 尾页

分享“2012高考英语考点专题讲练:动词的时态和语态”到:

58.4K
关注高考招生官微
获取更多招生信息
高校招生微信