1. The factory was built in a secret place， around ______ high mountains.
A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were 「陷阱」容易误选A 或
B ，将A 、B 中的 which和 it 误认为是其后句子的主语。

    「分析」最佳答案是C ，around which were high mountains是一个由" 介
词+which" 引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是 high mountains ，
around which是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数 was. 请做以
下类例题目（答案均为C ）：（1 ） Yesterday we visited a modern hospital，
around _______ some fruit shops. A. which is B. it is C. which are D.
them are（2 ） The murder happened in an old building ， beside ______
the city police station. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are
（3 ） Next month we'll move to a new building， next to _______ a nice
restaurant where we can have Chinese food. A. which are B. it is C. which
is D. them are

    2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked， "Is there a hospital
around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand ？" A. that
B. which C. where D. what 「陷阱」容易误选 B，认为 around 是介词，选 which
用以代替前面的名词 hospital ，在此用作介词 around 的宾语。

    「分析」最佳答案为C.以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句
的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的
语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治
伤。此题选 C的理由是：句中的 around 不是介词，而是副词，意为" 在附近"
；其后的 where引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词 hospital ，句意为：附
近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？

    3. _____ is known to everybody， the moon travels round the earth
once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What 「陷阱」容易误选 A，认为
此处应填一个形式主语。

    「分析」最佳答案是 B.as 引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。比较下面一题
：_______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth
once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What 此题答案选 A，it为形式主
语，真正的主语是后面的 that 从句。

    再比较下面一组题，其中第（1 ）题选 B，第（2 ）题选 D：（1 ） ______
is mentioned above， the number of the students in senior school is increasing.
A. Which B. As C. That D. It（2 ） ______ is mentioned above that the
number of the students in senior school is increasing. A. Which B. As
C. That D. It

    4. David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like. A. that
B. who C. as D. whom「陷阱」此题容易误选A ，许多同学一看到题干中的such，
再联系到选项中的 that ，便认为这是考查such…… that ……句式。况且，这
样理解意思也还通顺。

    「分析」最佳答案为C ，不是A ，因为在such…… that ……（如此……以
至……）结构中，that引导的是结果状语从句，并且 that 在从句中不充当句子
成分，若在上句填入 such …… that ……，句末的动词 like 缺宾语。选C 的
理由如下：as用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词 boy，同时 as
在定语从句中用作动词 like 的宾语，句意为" 所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩".
有的同学可能还会问，假若选A ，能否将其后的 that 视为引导定语从句的关系
代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到 such 的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代
词 as 来引导，而不用that. 比较下面一题，答案为A ，因为 like 后有自己的
宾语 him：David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like him.
A. that B. who C. as D. whom请再做以下试题（答案选D ）：It was not such
a good dinner _______ she had promised us. A. like B. that C. which D.
as

    5. The buses， most of _______ were already full， were surrounded
by an angry crowd. A. that B. it C. them D. which 「陷阱」容易误选 C，
用 them 代指 the buses. 「分析」最佳答案是D.most of which were already
full为非限制性定语从句，修饰 the buses. 类似地，以下各题也选D ：（1 ）
His house ， for _______ he paid $10， 000， is now worth $50 ， 000.
A. that B. it C. them D. which（2 ） Ashdown forest ， through _______
we'll be driving， isn't a forest any longer. A. that B. it C. them D.
which （3 ） This I did at nine o'clock ， after _______ I sat reading
the paper. A. that B. it C. them D. which 类似地，以下各题选 whom ，不
选 them ：（4 ） George ， with _______ I played tennis on Sundays， was
a warm-hearted person. A. that B. him C. them D. whom （5 ） Her sons ，
both of ______ work abroad， will come back home this summer. A. that
B. who C. them D. whom（6 ） I met the fruit-pickers， several of _______
were still university students. A. that B. who C. them D. whom

    6. He had thousands of students ， many of ______ gained great success
in their own field. A. whom B. them C. which D. who 「陷阱」容易误选 B，
用 them 代指 students.「分析」最佳答案是A ，many of whom gained great
success in their own field为非限制性定语从句。假若在many of ……的前面
加上连词and ，则选答案B.比较以下各题（答案均选A ）：（1 ） He asked a
lot of questions， none of ______ was easy to answer. A. which B. them
C. what D. that （2 ） He asked a lot of questions， and none of ______
was easy to answer. A. them B. which C. what D. that（3 ） He told me
that he had two girl-friends， neither of _______ knew anything about
the other. A. whom B. them C. which D. who（4 ） He told me that he had
two girl-friends， and neither of _______ knew anything about the other.
A. them B. whom C. which D. who

    7. He had a lot of friends， only a few of ______ invited to his wedding.
A. whom B. them C. which D. who 「陷阱」容易误选 A，认为这是非限制性定
语从句。

    「分析」最佳答案是B ，这不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，
因为空格后的动词 invited并不是一个完整的谓语，而是一个过去分词。当然，
假若在 invited前加上助动词 were ，则是一个非限制性定语从句，答案便应选
A.比较：（1 ） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting ， none
of _______ carried out in their work. A. which B. them C. what D. that
答案选B ，none of them carried out in their work是独立主格结构，其中的
carried out 为过去分词。

    （2 ） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting ， none of _______
were carried out in their work. A. which B. them C. what D. that答案选
A ，none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定语从句，注
意与上例比较句中多了一个助动词were. （3 ） They put forward a lot of plans
at the meeting， but none of _______ were carried out in their work. A.
which B. them C. what D. that 答案选B ，由于两句之间增加了一个并列连词
but ，使得该句成了一个并列句。

    8. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park， _______
parents seated together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that「陷
阱」容易误选B ，认为这是非限制性定语从句。

    「分析」最佳答案是A.与上面一题相似，their parents seated together
joking不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 seated
不是谓语，而是一个过去分词，因为 seat 作动词用时，是及物动词。比较以下
相似题：（1 ） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the
park， _______ parents were seated together joking. A. their B. whose
C. which D. that选B.whose parents were seated together joking 为非限制
性定语从句，因为其后有完整的谓语 were seated. （2 ） On Sundays there
were a lot of children playing in the park， and _______ parents were
seated together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that选A.因为句中
有并列连词and ，整个句子为并列句。

    （3 ） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park，
_______ parents sitting together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D.
that选A.their parents sitting together joking 为独立主格结构。

    （4 ） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park，
_______ parents sat together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that
选B.whose parents sat together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完
整的谓语 sat. （5 ） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in
the park， _______ parents were sitting together joking. A. their B. whose
C. which D. that选B.whose parents were sitting together joking为非限制
性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语 were sitting.

    9. If the man is only interested in your looks， _____ just shows
how shallow he is. A. as B. which C. what D. that 「陷阱」容易误选A 或
B ，误这是非限制性定语从句。

    「分析」正确答案为D ，注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句，逗号后是该状语
从句的主句，that在此代表前文所述的情况，用作主句的主语。类似地，下面几
道题也选 that ，而不选 which：（1 ） If you promise to go with us ， _____
will be OK. A. as B. which C. and it D. that（2 ） If you want a double
room， _____ will cost another￡15. A. as B. which C. what D. that（3 ）
Whether you go or not ， _______ is quite all right with me. A. that B.
which C. and it D. so （4 ） When I say two hours ， _____ includes time
for eating. A. as B. which C. what D. that

    10. She says that she'll never forget the time ________ she's spent
working as a secretary in our company. A. which B. when C. how D. where
「陷阱」容易误选B ，机械地认为时间名词后必须用关系副词when，地点名词后
用关系副词 where. 「分析」正确答案为A.在时间名词和地点名词后是否用关系
副词要看它在定语从句中充当什么句子成分。一般说来，若用作主语或宾语，用
关系代词；若用作状语，则用关系副词。上面一题中的动词 spent缺宾语，故应
用关系代词 which或that. 比较下面一题，由于空格后的句子不缺少主语或宾语，
所以选关系副词when：She says that she'll never forget the time ________
she works as a secretary in our company. A. which B. when C. how D. where
请再做一组试题（答案均选A ）：（1 ） Our company will move to a tall building
_______ we bought last month. A. which B. when C. how D. where选A ，which
在定语从句中用作动词 bought 的宾语。

    （2 ） Our company will move to a tall building _______ has just been
complete. A. which B. when C. how D. where选A ，which 在定语从句中用作
主语。

    （3 ） Our company will move to a tall building _______ we worked
two years ago. A. where B. when C. that D. which选A ，where 在定语从句
中用作状语。