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Irish Dolphins may have a unique dialect
Irish scientists monitoring dolphins living in a river estuary iIl the southwest 0f the country believe they may have developed a unique dialect to eommulncate with each other．
The Shannon Dolphin and Wildlife Foundation(SDWF)1 has been studying a group 0f up t0 120 bottle—nose dolphins in the River Shannon2 using voealisalions collected on a computer in a cow shed3 near the River Shannon．
As part of a research prnject，student Ronan t]iekey digitiscd and analysed a total of 1，882 whis—tles from the Irish dolphins and those4 from the Welsh dolphins 0n a eolnputel*aud separated them into six fundamental whistle types anti 32 diflerent categories5．of the categories．11e touud most6 were used hv both sets of dolphins7 一but eight were only heard frorn the Irish dolphins．
“We are building up a catalogue of the different whisile types they LISP and trving to associate them with behaviour like fbraging，resting，socialising and the cOmmunications of groups with calves，”project leader Simon BeITow said．“Essentially we are building up what is like a dictionary of words they use or sounds they make．”
Berrow．a mari’ne biologist．said the dolphins’(clicks are used t0 find their way around and 10一Pate prey．The whistles are Communications．"They do a whole rang of other sounds like barks,groans and a kind of gunshot．”he said． “The gunshot in an intense pulse of sound. Sperm whatles use it to stun their prey．”
“When I first heard it 1 was surprised as I thought sperm whales were the only species who used it．We can speculate the dolphins are using it for the same reason as the sperm whales．”Below said．
References8 in local legend indicate there have been dolphins in the Shannon estuary for genera—tions and thev mav even have been resident there as flar hack as the 6th century9．
They are regularly seen by passengers on the Shannon ferry and an estimated 25，000 tourists every year take special sightseeing tours on local boats to visit them．
词汇：
Irish adj．爱尔兰的
socialise v．社交，交往
dolphin n．海豚
bottle--nose dolphin宽吻海豚
sperm whale巨头鲸
click n．咔哒声，喀嚓声
estuary n．河口，江口
vocalisation n．发声
shed n．小屋，棚
digitalise v．使数字化
whistle n．啸声
forage v．搜寻(食物)
prey n．被捕食的动物
gunshot n．射击声
groan n．呻吟，叹息
pulse n．脉冲
stun v．击昏
注释：
1．The Shannon Dolphin and Wildlife Foundation(SDWF)：香农海豚与野生生物基金会。
2．the Shannon River：香农河[位于爱尔兰共和国的中西部]
3．cow shed：牛棚
4．those指代前半句的whistles
5．Ronan Hickey’一separated them into six fimdamental whistle types and 32 different categories：Ronan Hickey将啸声划分乃6大类32种
6．most=lnos|categor‘ies
7．both sets of dolphins 是指the Irish dolphins和the Welsh dolphins。
8．RcDrences in local legend：：当地传说中的有关说法
9．the,,,may even have been resident there as far back as the 6lh century：海豚可能早在公元6世纪就在香农河河口繁衍生息，rcsident是形容词，意思是“居住的”。
练习：
1．The difference in eating habits between the bottle-nose dolphins and the sperm whales interested the SDWF scientists．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Nor mentioned
2．Ronan Hickey analyzed almost 2000 diflerent diaIects 0f the hottle—nose dolDhins．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．N0t mentioned
3．0f the 32 eategories，eight were produeed only hy the Irish d01phins．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．N0t mentioned
4．Whistles COUld also be used t0 eommunieate hetween adult dolphins and habv dolphins．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．N0t mentioned
5．Sperm whales can produee stronger ultrasonic waves t0 kill their prey than dolphins．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
6． As ea rly as the 6th century，Irish fishermen started ral‘sing dolphins in the Shannon estuary．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．N0t mentioned
7． Irish dolphins attract tourists and over 25，000 people come t0 see them evcry year．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned |
