技术移民法中的常用的名词

 名词解释：

Offshore: 指申请人在澳洲境外申请

Onshore: 指申请人在澳洲境内申请

Points test: For most General Skilled Migration visas, your application will be assessed against a points test. You can claim points under a range of different factors. The maximum points that can be claimed in any one factor reflects how sought after those characteristics are in the Australian labour market. (大部分的一般技术移民签证，都要通过一个分数测试，根据你个人的情况，通过几个方面获得分数，来反映你是否符合澳洲劳工市场的需求)

Pass mark: The pass mark is the total points you need to score to be eligible for a points-tested General Skilled Migration visa. (是指你申请一般技术移民签证时所需要的分数)

Pool mark: If you do not achieve the pass mark, the pool mark is the total number of points you must score if your application is to be held in reserve. Your applicationmay be held in reserve for up to two (2) years after it is assessed. If you are unable to reach the pass mark during this period, your application will be refused.If you score below the pass mark, but above the 'pool mark', your application will be held 'in the pool' for up to two (2) years after assessment. (比pass mark 要低，如果你低于Pass mark, 但是高于Pool mark，你的申请并不会被立刻拒绝，而是被放进pool, 等待2年，如果在这期间有任何的政策改变，或你想申请别的种类技术签证，你都有可能通过)

AoS - Assurance of Support

An Assurance of Support is an undertaking to provide financial support to an applicant and any dependants so that they will not have to rely on government benefits to live. Any eligible government payments made within the first two (2) years of migrating can be recovered by the Australian Government.

财力证明，证明你个人在移民后的前两年不会靠政府的任何资助，一般是要通过存一笔钱到CENTERLINK，如果是申请父母签证（交钱多的那种），要提供10年的，如果是担保签证，担保人则要提供AOS，一般要同时证明收入能力并存一笔押金）


Assurer :  A person who provides an Assurance of Support (AoS).  提供AOS的人

Australian permanent resident: A non-citizen who, being usually resident in Australia, is the holder of a permanent visa. 不属于澳洲公民，当时经常居住澳洲，并持有永久签证的人


Bridging visa

A type of temporary visa that provides lawful status for certain non-citizens who would otherwise be unlawful. For example, applicants whose visas have ceased and who are waiting for a decision on an application for another substantive visa. A bridging visa can only be granted in Australia.

一种暂时签证。当你的前一个签证到期，并在等待下一个签证的审核决定是，发放的签证以确保你在澳洲的合法性。比如：你学生签证到期，你要申请PR，在这个期间，有几个月的时间，而你又是在澳洲递交的申请（比如880 ONSHORE签证），移民局就会发放一个暂时签证给你，让你在澳洲等待决定）


Centrelink

Australian Government agency that delivers social security payments and related services in Australia.
See: www.centrelink.gov.au

澳洲政府机构，发放社会保障金和提供相关服务的机构


Complete application

An application that provides all of the information and documentary evidence required to decide the visa application, at the time of lodgement.

在递交是提供了签证申请所有需要的材料和信息


Date of completion

The date of completion of an Australian qualification is the date on which the institution publicly notifies a student that they have met the requirements for the award. This notification can be made by:
letter

on the Internet

by publication in a newspaper

by email

by bulletin board at the institution.

It is not the date that the award is conferred on the student, such as a graduation ceremony.

这个对你完成学位日期的规定，你完成学位的日期是指学校通过任何媒介方式通知你已经达到了毕业要求的那一天， 而不是指发放你毕业证书的那一天。通俗点讲，就是指你拿到成绩那一天。


Dependant

A person who is wholly or substantially reliant on another person for financial support to meet their basic needs for food, shelter and clothing; or wholly or substantially reliant on their family member for financial support due to being incapacitated for work because of the total or partial loss of bodily or mental functions.

简单的说就是没有独立生活的能力。


Designated Area

To apply for the Skilled - Designated Area Sponsored visa (subclass 139) or the Skilled - Designated Area Sponsored Overseas Student visa (subclass 882), your sponsor must live, and have lived, in a 'designated area' of Australia for the 12 months before you lodge your application. A list of Australia's 'designated areas' is available.

申请139 offshore, 或882 onshore 指定地区亲属担保移民，你的担保人必须居住在指定的地区。


下面是指定地区列表

Family member

A spouse or dependent child. Also includes single (unmarried, widowed or divorced) relatives who reside with, and are dependent on, the family head.

家庭成员包括配偶，未独立的孩子， 也包括未独立的居住在一起并依靠户主的单身亲戚。

Your application can include yourself and any member of your 'family unit'. 'Family unit' is defined as:

your spouse

your dependent child

a dependent child of your dependent child or your spouse's dependent child

a dependant relative of your or your spouse.

你的签证申请可以包括：


配偶
未独立的孩子
你未独立孩子的未独立的孩子或你配偶未独立的孩子
你或你配偶未独立的亲戚


Migrate

Applicants applying from outside Australia will be applying to migrate. Applicants applying from within Australia will be applying for permanent residence. In the context of General Skilled Migration information, the term 'migrate' covers both scenarios.

包括申请人从澳洲境外申请移入澳洲或从澳洲境内申请永久居民。


OET - Occupational English Test

In some professions, applicants are required to sit this test as part of the skills assessment process.

职业英文考试


Paper application

A visa application that is not lodged electronically via the Internet and is either mailed or couriered to the department for processing.

指通过邮件或快递的方式递交申请


Permanent visa

A visa permitting a non-citizen to remain in Australia indefinitely.

一种允许非公民永久停留澳洲的签证。


Provisional visa

A temporary visa granted to persons who will be applying for a permanent visa but are not yet able to satisfy the requirements for the permanent visa. The holder is given a period by which time they must satisfy the criteria for the permanent visa. If they are unable to do so, or cannot satisfy the requirements for any other visa, then they would be required to depart Australia.

一种临时签证，发放给那些将要申请永久签证而尚未达到标准的人， 给予持有者一定的时间让他们达到永久签证的标准， 如果持有者最终未达到申请PR的要求，将被要求离开澳洲。这个也就是我们平常说的TR了

Regional Australia/low population growth metropolitan areas
A list of areas in Australia for the purposes of awarding points for studying and residence in regional Australia. It is where you must live and work or study if you are granted a Skilled - Independent Regional (Provisional) visa (subclass 495). A list of Regional Australia/low population growth metropolitan area postcodes is available.

居住在这些地区会获得额外的加分，如果你申请了495签证，你必须在这些地区工作和学习。下面是清单。

Note: none of the Australian Capital Territory is included.

SOL - Skilled Occupation List

If you are intending to apply under one of the General Skilled Migration categories, you must nominate an occupation which is on the Skilled Occupation List at the time you lodge your application.


大家常说的独立技术列表，要移民必须在这个里面找到对应的职业


Sponsor

Some General Skilled Migration categories require sponsorship. For Australian sponsored visa categories, a sponsor is an eligible relative aged 18 years or over who is living in Australia, is an Australian citizen, permanent resident or eligible New Zealand citizen and is willing and able to sponsor you. For the State/Territory sponsored visas, a sponsor is an authorised State/Territory government agency or a Regional Certifying Body.

担保人是指18岁以上，居住在澳洲的澳洲公民或永久居民或新西兰公民。 对于州提名担保签证， 担保人是指授权的政府中介或区域认证的机构。


Spouse

A married or de facto relationship between a couple where they have a mutual commitment to a shared life as husband and wife to the exclusion of all others, the relationship between them is genuine and continuing, and they live together, and do not live separately and apart on a permanent basis.
Substantive visa Any visa other than a Bridging visa or a Criminal Justice visa.

就是说真正结婚的，或有夫妻之实的都是被澳洲法律承认的配偶。

Temporary visa

A visa permitting a person to enter and/or remain in Australia temporarily.

允许持有人暂时停留或进入澳洲的签证


The department

The Department of Immigration and Citizenship (DIAC)

法规中提到DEPARTMENT的话，就是指移民局了。 


Two (2) years study in Australia or 'Two (2) year study requirement'
In order to make a valid application for a General Skilled Migration visa which you can apply for, and be granted, while you are in Australia, you must meet the 2 year study requirement. If you are applying for any other General Skilled Migration visa, you will also need to meet the 2 year study requirement if you are seeking an exemption from the recent work experience requirement. Further information about the requirement is available.
See: What is the 2 year study rule?

你在澳洲境内申请一般技术移民签证，你必须满足2年政策， 如果你想寻求工作经验豁免，你也要满足2年政策。