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oral presentation skill

来源：发布时间：2008-12-17

Presentation skills
　　1. Plan the structure and format of your presentation
　　(a) Clarify the aim
　　· What is the aim (i.e. the exact purpose) of the presentation?
　　· If you are woolly about the aim, your presentation won’t be clear
　　· Spend time establishing the aim
　　· What do you need to cover to ensure you fulfil the aim
　　(b) What do you know about the audience?
　　· Who are you presenting to?
　　· Analyse your audience and target your presentation to their knowledge and understanding.
　　(c) What do you need to cover to ensure you fulfil the aim?
　　· Ensure that what you are going to say is appropriate to both the aim and the audience
　　· Prioritise your material. You don’t have to say everything.
　　(d) How much time do you have?
　　· Don’t go over the allotted time and remember to allow time at the end for questions
　　(e) Venue and equipment
　　· Where will you be presenting?
　　· What audio-visual equipment will you require and what is available?
　　· Check the venue and equipment in advance, if possible.
　　· If not, then allow yourself enough time on the day to have a look at the set-up.
　　2. Plan the content
　　(a) Beginning
　　· Introduce yourself and the others who are doing the presentation
　　· Explain and put up the main points you will cover (e.g. as bullet-points)
　　(b) Middle
　　· Go though your points logically and in sequence
　　· Summarise (give sign-posts) as you go along
　　(c) End
　　· You could use your original introductory summary of main points to summarise
　　· Give a conclusion
　　3. Questions
　　· Plan for questions; don’t be taken by surprise. Be prepared to clarify if someone interrupts during the
　　presentation.
　　· Ask for them if none is forthcoming
　　· If you don’t understand a question, ask for clarification
　　· Don’t be afraid to admit you don’t know
　　· Tell them you’ll find out and get back to them
　　· Get back to them!
　　4. Visual Aids
　　· Whatever you use, whether it is OHP or computer presentation, keep it simple and clear.
　　· Visual aids should add to the impact of your presentation.
　　· Learn to use a software package like Powerpoint that is specifically designed to produce presentation
　　material (this is useful to produce slides - i.e. even if you are not using a computer presentation on the day).
　　· Bullet points are most effective – keep to a large font size
　　· Use 18 – 24 point font size, with up to 32 point for titles
　　· Choose a clear font style (experiment!)
　　· Keep diagrams and figures large and simple.
　　· Where possible, use colour to differentiate elements
　　· Label graphics, graphs and figures clearly
　　5. Notes
　　· You may want to use both notes and the prompts given by your slides etc.
　　· Prepare a handout to circulate to the audience.
　　· If you use notes, make them easy to read.
　　· Use brief notes as an “aide-memoire”. Don’t read out the text word for word!
　　· Number the pages and clip them together.
　　· Don’t fiddle with your notes whilst presenting!
　　6. Presenting
　　· Vary the tone of your voice and the pace at which you speak (though better slower than too fast).
　　· Be careful of little verbal tics e.g. “um”, “er”, and “you know”.
　　· Make eye contact with your audience, not the floor, your notes or the OHP.
　　· Use pauses. It gives you thinking time and the audience time to reflect.
　　7. Before the day
　　· Check that you have everything you need sufficiently far in advance of the presentation to allow you time
　　to deal with any unforeseen mishaps e.g. mislaid slides or notes.
　　· PRACTICE your presentation
　　· Ask you colleagues/peers to be a mock audience
　　· Ask them to give honest, constructive feed-back
　　· Revise bits that don’t work e.g. add an extra background/explanatory slide
　　· Practice it again…and again
　　· And ENJOY yourself!
　　GOOD LUCK!

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