2011年考研英语相似易混词汇对比记忆升级版08

　sting [stiN] v. 1. 叮 2. 刺痛，刺 n. 刺(痛)

　　stink [stiNk] v. 发出臭味， 名声臭， 极低劣

　　n. 臭味

　　revolve [ri5vClv] vi. (使)旋转

　　revolution [7revE5lu:FEn] n. 1. 革命 2. 旋转，转数

　　revolutionary [5revE5lu:FEnEri] a. 革命的，革新的 n. 革命者

　　evolution [7i:vE5lu:Fen] n. 进化，演化

　　volume [5vRlju:m] n. 1. 音量 2. 体积，容积3.书卷 4. 栏目

　　evolve [i5vClv] v. (使)进化，(使)发展

　　involve [in5vClv] vt. 1. 卷入，陷入 2. 牵涉

　　3. 包含，必有……的结果

　　1. In the first year or so of Web business, most of the action hasrevolved around efforts to tap the consumer market. (NETEM 1999, Passage 2, Paragraph 1)

　　大约在网上交易的第一年当中，大部分业务活动都是围绕着努力开发消费者市场来进行的。

　　2. Galileo’s greatest glory was that in 1609 he was the first person to turn the newly invented telescope on the heavens to prove that the planets revolve around the sun rather than around the Earth. (NETEM 1994, Translation, 第74题)

　　伽利略最光辉的业绩在于他在1609年是第一个把新发明的望远镜对准了天空的人，以证实行星是围绕太阳旋转而不是围绕地球旋转的。

　　3. What is harder to establish is whether the productivity revolution that businessmen assume they are presiding over is for real. (NETEM 1998, Passage 2, Paragraph 1)

　　商人们自认为的他们所领导的生产力革命是否确有其事，这一点更加难以确定。

　　4. A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and rears. (NETEM 2005, Text 3, Paragraph 1)

　　一个世纪前，弗洛伊德阐述了革命性的理论，即梦是人们潜意识中欲望和恐惧经伪装后的预示。

　　5. Darwin had a phrase to describe those ignorant of  evolution :they “look at an organic being as a savage looks at a ship, as at something wholly beyond his comprehension.” (NETEM 2000, Passage 2, Paragraph 3)

　　达尔文有一句话描述那些对进化一无所知的人，他们“看有机的生命如同野人看船，好像看某种完全不能理解的东西”。

　　6. Just three weeks before the Court’s ruling on physician-assisted suicide, the National Academy of Science (NAS) released a two-volume report, Approaching Death: Improving Care at the End of Life. (NETEM 2002, Text 4, Paragraph 7)

　　就在最高法庭对医助自杀进行裁决的前三周，国家科学院公布了一份长达两卷的报告–––––临近死亡：完善临终护理。

　　7. However, whether such a sense of fairness  evolved  independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question. (NETEM 2005, Text 1, Paragraph 5)

　　但是，这种公平感是在卷尾猴和人类身上各自独立演化而成，还是来自三千五百万前他们共同的祖先，这还是一个悬而未决的问题。

　　(注：本句主语是whether…or whether(是……还是……);并且两个whether各自引导一个主语从句。本句谓语是is an unanswered question。as yet是插入语，表“至今，到现在为止”。

　　whether…or whether这个句型对于写社会问题类作文是个极好的句型，请背诵仿写这句话。)

　　8. Besides, this is unlikely to produce the needed number of every kind of professional in a country as large as ours and where the economy is spread over so many states and involves  so many international corporations. (NETEM 1999, Passage 3, Paragraph 3)

　　此外，在我们这么大的一个国家里，经济延展到这么多的州，涉及这么多的国际公司，要培养出所需数量的各类专业人员是不太可能的。

　　(注：本句的地点状语是in a country, country带了两个修饰成分，一个是as large as ours，另一个是where引导的定语从句，在这个定语从句中主语the economy有两个并列的动词is和involves。另外，注意spread的过去式和过去分词不变。)

　　9. Federal policy is necessarily involved in the technology vs.genius dispute. Whether the Government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa(反之)often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force. (NETEM 1994, Translation, 第75题)

　　联邦政府的政策必然要卷入到技术与天才之争中去。 政府究竟是以减少对技术的经费投入来增加对纯理论科学的经费投入，还是相反，这往往取决于把哪一方看作是驱动力量。