You've worked hard to make your house a beautiful, peaceful haven--but even super-tidy homes can harbor unwelcome germs. But, not to worry: health.com have tracked down these germs and come up with simple strategies to get rid of them.
你已经非常努力地让你的家成为一个美丽、安宁的庇护所，但即使超级干净的家也会藏匿有讨厌的细菌。不过不用担心，“健康”网站已经追踪到这些细菌，并想出了一些能够消除它们的简单策略。
1. Your toothbrush牙刷
The human mouth contains about 100 million microbes per milliliter of saliva. Those microbes eat the same food you do, and when you brush, food particles and bacteria stick to your toothbrush.
在人类的口中，每毫升唾液含有大约一亿个细菌。那些细菌和你吃同样的食物，当你刷牙时，食物残渣和细菌会粘在你的牙刷上。
Simple Fix 简单解决办法
After brushing, rinse your toothbrush with hot water and stand it up in a water glass to air-dry. Don't lay it on the counter, where it can gather other bathroom germs, and don't store it in a travel case, where bacteria can thrive in the moisture. You can even clean your toothbrush in the dishwasher once in a while.
刷完牙后，用热水清洗牙刷，并将刷头朝上放在水杯中风干。不要将牙刷放在浴室台面上，这样会吸收浴室里的其他细菌，也不要将牙刷放在旅行用的牙刷盒中，因为潮湿的环境容易滋生细菌。你甚至可以偶尔将牙刷放在洗碗机中清洁一下。
2. Wet laundry刚洗好的湿衣服
There's a tenth of a gram of feces hiding in every pair of underwear, and washing doesn't always remove it all. That means you can get E. coli on your hands every time you transfer underwear from the washer to the dryer. And a single soiled undergarment can spread those dangerous bacteria to the whole load.
每件内衣上都隐藏着十分之一克排泄物，而洗往往是洗不干净的。那也就是说你每次将内衣从洗衣机放入干衣机时手上都会沾上大肠杆菌。一件脏的内衣会将那些危险的细菌传播给整堆衣物。
Simple Fix 简单解决办法
Think 150 degrees, the temperature at which you should run your washer and dryer, to kill bacteria. Wash underwear separately, and wash whites with bleach, which kills 99.99% of bugs. Transfer wet laundry to the dryer quickly so germs don't multiply; dry for at least 45 minutes (or until the load is fully dry). Wash your hands after doing laundry, and run a cycle of bleach and water after laundering unmentionables3 to eliminate any lingering germs.
洗衣机和干衣机的温度要调到 150华氏度(约65.5摄氏度)才能杀死细菌。内衣要分开洗，洗白色内衣时加入漂白剂能够杀死99.99%的病菌。将洗好的湿衣服快速放入干衣机里，这样细菌才不会繁殖。要至少烘干45分钟(或者直到衣服完全烘干)。洗完衣服后要洗手，并在洗完内衣后，在洗衣机里倒入漂白剂和水运转，以清除内衣留下的细菌。
3. The bathtub/shower浴缸/淋浴间
Every time you take a bath or shower, you remove germs and viruses from your body. But all the bad stuff doesn't conveniently slide down the drain; some of it thrives if those surfaces stay moist.
每次你泡澡或淋浴时，都从身上洗掉了细菌和病毒。但所有那些脏东西并没有顺带着流入下水道，如果地面是潮湿的，其中一些细菌又会死灰复燃。
Simple Fix 简单解决办法
Use a disinfecting cleanser once a week on the bathroom floor and sides of the tub and shower; rinse well and dry the surfaces with a towel. Keep the shower dry on a daily basis by using a squeegee4, and disinfect the squeegee weekly, too.
每周用消毒清洁剂清洗浴室地面、浴缸外侧以及淋浴间，然后用毛巾擦干。每天用刮水器保持淋浴间干爽，每周还要给刮水器消毒。
4. Your cell phone and other tech stuff你的手机以及其他科技产品
The things you touch a zillion times a day--iPhone, BlackBerry, keyboard, computer mouse--are big carriers of germs.
你每天碰触无数次的东西——iPhone、黑莓手机、键盘、电脑鼠标—都是细菌的集中携带者。
Simple Fix 简单解决办法
Clean the surfaces of your phone or other tech devices with a disinfecting product. Any antibacterial wipe will work; just don't get your sensitive equipment too wet.
用消毒产品擦拭手机或其他科技产品的表面。任何抗菌擦拭用品都可以，只要不要把你易损坏的产品弄得太湿就行了。
5. Kitchen sink, countertop, and sponges厨房洗涤槽、工作台面和清洁海绵
There are lots of places for germs to hang out in the kitchen, including the drain in your sink, the countertop, and the sponges, rags, scrubbers. But for every germy hot spot in the kitchen, there's a smart and simple way to clean up.
厨房里有很多地方可供细菌栖身，比如洗涤槽里的排水管、工作台面、清洁海绵、抹布和擦洗工具。不过针对厨房里每个经常会有细菌的地方，都有一个简单的清洁妙招。
Simple Fix 简单解决办法
After you rinse or cook food, clean the sink, counters, and faucet with soap and water or an antibacterial cleanser. It's tempting to leave your cleaning implement--a damp rag or sponge--hanging around to use the next day, but that could create a germ breeding ground. Instead, sanitize1 your sponge or brush in the dishwasher and your dishrags in the washing machine. To really disinfect the sink and drain, clean them twice a week with a solution of one tablespoon of bleach and one quart of water: scrub the basin, then pour the solution down the drain.
洗完食物或烹饪完食物后，用肥皂和水，或者用抗菌清洁剂清洗洗涤槽、厨房台面以及水龙头。人们往往将湿抹布、清洁海绵等清洁用品悬挂起来第二天继续使用，不过那样也会使它们成为细菌的滋生地。不要那样做，而是将清洁海绵或清洁刷放入洗碗机里消毒，将抹布放入洗衣机里清洗。若想要真正为洗涤槽和排水管消毒，每周用一汤匙漂白剂和一夸脱 (约946毫升)水的混合溶液清洗两次：先擦洗洗涤槽，然后将混合溶液倒入排水管。
6. Your cutting boards切菜板
Washing your food before eating removes some germs, of course, and cooking meat kills dangerous bacteria like salmonella. And you probably know it's smart to chop meats and veggies on separate boards. Still, almost 25% of food-sickness outbreaks are the result of kitchen mistakes, such as using contaminated cutting boards.
食物在吃前洗一下当然能够去除一些细菌，肉经过烹饪可以杀死沙门氏菌等有害细菌。你可能知道切肉和切蔬菜的切菜板最好分开。不过，仍有差不多25%因食物引起的疾病都是由于厨房操作错误造成的，比如使用了被污染的切菜板。
Simple Fix 简单解决办法
If your food doesn't smell or feel right, throw it out. As for your cutting board, use glass or plastic, both of which are nonporous and most resistant to germs. When you're done with the board, wash it in hot, soapy water, and then spray it with a mixture of one teaspoon of bleach to 16 ounces of water that you keep in a clearly labeled spray bottle. Finally, rinse the cutting board again with hot water or toss it in the dishwasher. Got a beat-up board? Replace it. Bacteria can hide in a cutting board with lots of knife-cut indentations2.
如果你的食物闻起来或摸上去感觉不对，那么就该扔掉。玻璃或塑料材质的切菜板不会渗漏，预防细菌滋生效果最好。用完切菜板后，用热的肥皂水清洗，然后在16盎司(约28毫升)水中加入一茶匙漂白剂，将此混合液倒入一个喷雾瓶中，标识清楚，然后喷些混合液在切菜板上。最后，再次用热水冲洗切菜板，或者将它放入洗碗机里清洗。你的切菜板已经破旧了吗？换掉它。细菌可能会隐藏在切菜板上菜刀切破的凹口里。 |
大学英语---