本句翻译：一个人若不用眼睛来掌握走路的方向，就会走成一个大圈。这一事实是众所周知的。 Dark nights， dense fogs， blinding snowstorms， thick forests - all these can keep a traveler from seeing where he is going. 本句翻译：每遇到漆黑的夜晚，浓浓的大雾，伸手不见五指的暴风雪，浓密森林——这一切都会使路上的行人看不见是在往哪个方向走。 thick forests 茂密的森林 3. keep … from … 阻止，防止，阻碍 protect from prevent from 其中的“from”多有“使…不能”的意思 （1）keep sb from sth/doing使某人不能做某事 （2）keep oneself from doing克制自己不要去做某事 For example： The church bells keep me from sleeping. 教堂的钟声吵得我睡不着觉。 She could hardly keep （herself） from laughing. 她忍不住大笑起来。 Then he is unable to move in any fixed direction， but walks in circles. 本句翻译：这时他就不能按既定的目标前进，只能走成一个大圆圈。 4. in…direction 朝…方向 Animals act the same way. 本句翻译：动物也会这样。 fixed固定的，既定了的 You have probably heard the saying “running around like a chicken with its head cut off.” 本句翻译：你也许听过这样一句老话：“像砍掉脑袋的鸡一样转着圈跑。” with +（n.）+V的过去分词构成的独立结构，在句中作状语。 Well， a chicken with its head cut off actually does run around in circles. Blind birds fly in circles. And a blindfolded dog will swim in circles. 本句翻译：是的，一只被砍掉了脑袋的鸡确实会转着圈跑的。瞎了眼睛的鸟也都是转着圈飞的。一双被蒙住了眼睛的狗也会转着大圈游泳。 A Norwegian biologist， F.O.Guldberg， decided that this problem of circular movement was worth investigating. He collected many true stories on the subject. 本句翻译：一位挪威的生物学家哥尔柏格认为绕圈运动的问题确实值得调查研究。关于这一课题他汇集了很多实际事例。 worth 值得 be worth doing 值得做某事 For example： The textbook is worth reading again and again. 课本值得一读再读。 On the subject ：on关于 5. be worth + v.ing One of his stories is about people rowing on a lake during a fog on a dark night. 本句翻译：他汇集的实例之一就是在一个浓雾黑夜里，人们在湖面上划船。 during 在一段时间里 One group of rowers who tried to cross three miles of water in foggy weather never succeeded in reaching their goal. 本句翻译：在大雾的天气里，一帮想要横渡三英里的水面的划船手永远也不能成功地划到他们的目的地。 cross 横穿 6. succeed in 成功做了一件事情→（反义）fail to do Without knowing it， they rowed in two large circles. When they finally got to the shore， they discovered that they were at the spot they had started from. 本句翻译：不知不觉地，他们都把船划行路线划成两个大圈。在他们上个岸后，才发现又划回到了他们原来出发的地点。 without knowing 不知不觉地 shore 河岸，海岸线 After studying many stories such as this， Professor Guldberg wrote an article in which he discussed “Circular Motion is the Basic Motion of Animals.” 本句翻译：在研究过很多诸如此类的实际经历之后，哥尔柏格教授写了一篇题为《动物的基本运动模式是圆周运动》的论文。 study 研究 A simple example will help you to understand his explanation of why we walk in circles. 本句翻译：一个很简单的例子，就可以帮助你弄明白他的论点：为什么我们会走成两个大圆圈。 Have you ever wound up a toy automobile and started it off across the floor？ 本句翻译：你有没有把一辆玩具汽车上好发条以后，把它放到地板上让它从头跑到那头的经历？ 7. wind up给…上发条 Then you know that it will rarely travel in a straight path. It will travel， instead， in some kind of arc， or curve. 本句翻译：那么，你就会知道小汽车几乎很少顺着直线跑，而是以弧线或者曲线的方式前行。 If it is to travel in a straight line， the wheels on both sides have to be of exactly equal size. 本句翻译：如果你想要这辆小汽车以直线的方式前行的话，那么小汽车两侧的轮子就必须是同等大小。 equal 相等 If they are not， the little automobile turns toward the side with the smaller wheels. 本句翻译：车两侧的轮子，如果它们大小不是相等的话那么这个小汽车将会转向轮子更小的那一侧。 Circular movement in walking is caused in much the same way. 本句翻译：步行时绕大圆运动的规律在很大程度上是由同一原理引起的。 cause 导致 in … way 以什么样的方式 7. much the same 不完全相同，差不多一样，几乎一样 For example： He is living condition is much the same as that five years ago.他现在生活状况和五年前差不多没有什么变化。 Usually a man walking will “watch his step” and “look where he is going.” 本句翻译：通常一个人走路时会看着脚下所踩的步子，会看着所要去的方向。 watch his step （口语化的说法）注意脚下 look where he is going 看着前方 a man walking （1）通常情况下，单个的分词作定语的在名词的前面；分词短语放在被修饰的名词之后。 For example： He often helps his working wife at home. 他在家中经常帮助他工作的妻子。 Who is the lady standing by the door？ 站在门口的那位女士是谁？ （2）有时，单个的分词放在名词后作定语，具有较强的动词意义，其作用相当于一个从句。 For example： Atomic energy is the greatest source of energy existing. 原子能是现存的最大的能源。 They decided to change the material used. 他们决定改变所用的材料。 He needs his senses， especially his eyes， to get to the point he intends to reach. 本句翻译：一个人需要用他们的各种器官，特别是要用两只眼睛，才能走到他打算要去的地点。 8. intend to do 想要/打算/计划做某事 For example： What do you intend to do today？ I intend to go out for a walk. 你打算今天做什么？我今天打算出去散步。 When he cannot use his eyes to guide his steps， he will walk straight only if he takes a step of the same length with each foot. 本句翻译：只有当一个人的两只脚所迈出的每一步的长短都完全相同时，这个人才可以不用眼睛来引导脚步而能够顺着一条直线往前走。 In most people， however， muscle development is not the same in both legs， so that it is probable that the steps will be uneven. 本句翻译：但是，在绝大多数人左右两腿肌肉的发育并不是一样的，结果很可能左右两脚所迈的步子长短是不一致的。 so that 因此…引导是结果状语从句 The difference may be so small that no one is aware of it. But small as it is， it can cause circular movement. 本句翻译：迈步子长短的差距是非常小的，以致于没有人会意识到这一微小的差距。尽管这个差距很小，但结果却导致了圆周运动。www.Ｅxamda.CoM考试就到考试大 9. as / as though small as it is “是as/as though 引导的让步状语从句，此时从句应倒装（部分倒装），其结构为”形容词/名词/动词）+as （though）+主+谓 （a.）（n.）（v.）+as/as though + s + v For example： Pretty as she is， she is not clever.她虽然很漂亮但是不聪明。 Child as he is， he has to make a living.虽然他是一个孩子，但是他必须去谋生。 Try as he would， he might fail again.尽管还有可能再试着去做，但是他还是有可能失败。 注：若从句的表语是n.，其名词前不加任何冠词。 Let us suppose that a man's left foot takes a step 20 inches long and that his right foot takes a step 30 inches long. 本句翻译：我们假定某一人的左脚迈一步是20英寸长，右脚迈一步是30英寸长。 Now suppose he takes ten step - five with his left foot and five with his right. 本句翻译：现在假设这个人迈了十步——左脚迈五步，右脚也迈五步。 His left foot will travel 100 inches. His right foot will travel 150 inches. 本句翻译：他的左脚总共走了100英寸，他的右脚总共走了150英寸。 travel 运行，前行 This sounds impossible. One foot cannot remain 50 inches behind the other. 本句翻译：这听起来让人觉得不可能。因为一只脚不可能落后于另一只脚五十英寸。 What really happens？ 本句翻译：到底是怎么回事呢？ At each step the man turns a little bit to the left.本文来源:考试大网 本句翻译：每迈一步这个人就稍微向左转了一点点。 Sooner or later he makes a complete circle. 本句翻译：迟早，他会走成一个大圆圈。 The tracks of his feet， however， make two circles， one inside the other. 本句翻译：于是他的两只脚所走过轨迹就形成了两个圆圈，一个圆圈在另一的内部。 track 足迹，脚印 His left foot makes the smaller circle because it is taking larger steps. 本句翻译：他的左脚所走的圈比较小，因为右脚的每一步都大一点。 This is why a person may walk in an arc when he sets out in a straight line. 本句翻译：这就是一个人在出发时本来是想走的直线，结果却走成了一条弧线的原因。 The muscles of a man's arms are no more identical than the muscles of his legs. 本句翻译：一个人的两只胳膊肌肉的发育和他的两只腿的肌肉的发育也是不同的。 10. no more（…）than…仅仅；不过/和…一样都不 For example： He is no more than an employee. 他仅仅是一名员工。本文来源:考试大网 He is no more able to operate computer than I am. 他和我一样都不会用计算机。 This explains why the rowers who set out to cross the lake at night rowed in a circle. 本句翻译：这足可以说明这些在夜间出发去横渡湖面的划船手把船划行的路线划成了一个大圆圈的道理。 By the same rule， a bird's wings do not develop evenly， and so it will fly in circles when blinded. 本句翻译：同理，鸟的左右两个翅膀的发育也是不均衡的，所以如果它的眼睛瞎了以后，也会绕圆圈飞行。 by the same rule 同理 Thus， dear readers， our circular mystery has a very straight answer. 本句翻译：由此可见，亲爱的读者，这就是我们的圆圈运动之迷的最直截了当的答案。考试大－全国最大教育类网站(www．Examda。com) circular 圆圈的 straight 直线的；直接的 On one hand， from the word itself， we can see that one is “circular”， the other is “straight”， the two words are in contrast with each other； on the other hand， the circular mystery has been thought for a long time and tested again and again； however， the answer is absolutely certain. So， both of the two words are used in double senses， creating a special effect. 本段翻译：这是从字面意思来看一个是圆的，一个是直的，他们之间是相对的两个词，另外一个方面说有关圆圈之谜，被大家思考了很久的时间了，一次又一次地进行实验，而最终得到的答案却是一目了然的事情，这样一来，两个单词被在一起使用一语双关，产生了一种独特的效果。 Vocabulary Exercises Ⅰ。Supply a word that you have learned in Text B. The first letter is given. 1. The full moon has a （circular） form. 本句翻译：全月它有一个圆的外形。 2. If there were no friction， an object in （motion） would never come to a rest. 本句翻译：如果没有摩擦力，那么一个在运动的物体永远也不会停下来。 come to a rest 停下来 3. The road is not straight. You should drive slowly when you come to a （curve）。 本句翻译：这条路不太直。当你到路的转弯处时一定开的慢一点。 curve 弯曲，转弯处 4. The economic development in the country is （uneven）： some areas are highly developed； while some other areas are rather underdeveloped. 本句翻译：这个国家经济发展不均衡：有一些地区是高度发达地区；而其它一些地区是相当落后。 5. The fingerprints of no two persons are （identical）。 本句翻译：任意两个人的指纹都是不同的。 identical 同样的，一样的 6. When the tree fell in the snowstorm， it （pined） him to the ground. 本句翻译：当这棵大树在暴风雨中倒下来时，它把这个男士压在了地面上。 7. It is（well-known）that money serves a variety of functions. 本句翻译：众所周知，钱有很多种功能。 8. The engineers are thoroughly （investigating） the causes of the gas explosion. 本句翻译：工程师们正在彻底调查有关煤气爆炸的原因。 9. The flower show was （intended） primarily for commercial purpose. 本句翻译：这次花展首先是为了商业上的目的才运行的。 10. I've made a mistake， though I didn’t （intend） to. 本句翻译：虽然我不愿意犯错误，但是我还是犯了错误。 |
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