2009年成考升专本英语名词性从句复习指导

5．同位语从句
1）同位语从句用于表示名词的内容，对其加以解释。能跟有同位语从句的往往是具有一定内容含义的抽象名词。
这些抽象名词有：belief (信念)，decision (决定)，fact（事实），idea(主意、想法)，news（消息，新闻）等。
如：We were very excited at the news that our Chinese athletes won many gold medals.我们听到我们中国运动员赢得了许多金牌的消息非常激动。
   The fact that the contract was signed was important.签订了合同这件事本身就很重要。
   I have no idea when she will be back.我不知道他何时回来。
2）同位语从句有时不是紧跟在有关的名词后面，而是被其他的词隔开了。
如：We have just heard a warning on the radio that a typhoon may be on its way.我们刚从广播里听到一则气象警报，说有一股台风即将到来。
   The story goes that they are divorced each other.传说他们离婚了。
3) 同位语从句和定语从句的区别
同位语从句中，从句既说明抽象名词，又等同于抽象名词。如果是连词that引导的，that 不作从句的成分，一般不能省去。
定语从句中，从句修饰、限制先行词，由关系词替代先行词在句中充当成分，关系词作从句宾语时可以省去。
如：We are delighted at the news that we are going to spend our summer vacation in Dalian.
听到暑假即将要在大连度过的消息，我们非常高兴。
(同位语从句， news= that we are going to spend our summer vacation in Dalian。That在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用)
Neither of us showed any interest in the new that John told us yesterday.
对约翰昨天告诉我的消息我俩都不感兴趣。
(定语从句。That在从句中充当tell的宾语)
第二部分 巩固练习

把下列句子改写成it作主语的句子：
1． That the world is round is a fact.
It is a fact that the world is round.
2. That smoking can cause cancer is true.
  It is true that smoking can cause cancer.
3. That English is becoming an international language is true.
  It is true that English is becoming an international language.
将括号里的疑问句变成名词从句
4．_________ is unimportant to me.(Does she come?)
 Whether she comes is unimportant to me.
5.I don’t know______________.(How old is he?)
 I don’t know how old he is.
6.__________ was interesting.(What was he talking about?)
What he was talking about was interesting.
7.Please tell me__________.(Where do you live?)
 Please tell me where you live.
8.I wonder __________.(Why did dinosaurs become extinct?)
  I wonder why dinosaurs became extinct.
9.Do you know____________?(When are they coming?)
 Do you know when they are coming?
10. _________ is none of your business.(Where did she go?)
  Where she went is none of your business.

第三部分：总结

本次课主要讲述了名词性从句的用法，需要大家重点掌握：
1． It作形式主语的主语从句
2． believe, think, suppose, expect等动词在宾语从句中的否定前移问题
3．同位语从句和定语从句的区别