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pipelines. A few have already appeared. The goal of all will be to try to explain to a confused and often unenlightened citizenry that there are not two equally valid scientific theories for the origin and evolution of universe and life. Cosmology, geology, and biology have provided a consistent, unified, and constantly improving account of what happened. Scientific creationism, which is being pushed by some for equal time in the classrooms whenever the scientific accounts of evolution are given, is based on religion, not science. Virtually all scientists and the majority of non-fundamentalist religious leaders have come to regard scientific creationism as bad science and bad religion.
The first four chapters of Kitcher's book give a very brief introduction to evolution. At appropriate places, he introduces the criticisms of the creationists and provides answers. In the last three chapters, he takes off his gloves and gives the creationists a good beating. He describes their programmes and tactics, and, for those unfamiliar with the ways of creationists, the extent of their deception and distortion may come as an unpleasant surprise. When their basic motivation is religious, one might have expected more Christian behavior. Kitcher is philosopher, and this may account, in part, for the clarity and effectiveness of his arguments. The non-specialist will be able to obtain at least a notion of the sorts of data and argument that support evolutionary theory. The final chapter on the creationists will be extremely clear to all. On the dust jacket of this fine book, Stephen Jay Gould says: This book stands for reason itself. And so it does-and all would be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate. 67. Creationism in the passage refers to ________. （A）evolution in its true sense as to the origin of the universe （B）a notion of the creation of religion （C）the scientific explanation of the earth formation （D）the deceptive theory about the origin of the universe 68. Kitcher's book is intended to ________. （A）recommend the views of the evolutionists （B）expose the true features of creationists （C）curse bitterly at this opponents （D）launch a surprise attack on creationists 69. From the passage we can infer that ________. （A）reasoning has played a decisive role in the debate （B）creationists do not base their argument on reasoning （C）evolutionary theory is too difficult for non-specialists （D）creationism is supported by scientific findings 70. This passage appears to be a digest of ________. （A）a book review （B）a scientific paper （C）a magazine feature （D）a newspaper editorial 答案及试题解析 67.（D） 意为：关于宇宙起源的虚假理论。 意为：揭露了造物主义理论的真实面目。 意为：造物主义的论点不是建立在推理之上的。 [大纲词汇] rumor/ rumour n.传闻，谣言 [经典例句] Rumor has it that more than 20 people died in the accident. [大纲词汇] pipeline n.管道，管线 [大纲词汇] enlighten v.启发，启蒙，教导 [衍生词汇] enlightened a.开明的，有知识的，文明的 enlightening a.有启迪作用的enlightenment n.开明，启发 unenlightened a.未受启发的，愚昧无知的，落后的 [经典例句] He regarded most people as unenlightened. [大纲词汇] citizen n.公民；市民，平民 [衍生词汇] citizenry n.〔总称〕公民；市民；老百姓 [大纲词汇] cosmic a.宇宙的 [衍生词汇] cosmology n.宇宙论，宇宙哲学 [大纲词汇] geology n.地质学 [大纲词汇] biology n.生物学 [大纲词汇] consistent a.（with）前后一致的，始终如一的 [经典例句] What he said was consistent with what he did. [大纲词汇] unify n.使联合；使同意；使相同，使一致 [经典例句] It is their strong wish that the country should be unified. 11. constantly [大纲词汇] constant a.经常的，不断的；坚定的；永恒的；忠实的 [衍生词汇] constantly ad.经常地，不断地 [经典例句] The world is changing constantly. [大纲词汇] virtual a.实际上的，事实上的 [衍生词汇] virtually ad实际上，事实上 [经典例句] The city virtually disappeared in the tornado. [大纲词汇] major a.（较）大的，（较）重要的 n.专业，主修科目；专业学生，少校v. （in）主修，专攻 majority n.多数，大多数 [经典例句] The majority of the Senate voted against the motion. [大纲词汇] fundamental a.基础的，基本的；n.[pl.]基本原则，基本原理 [衍生词汇] fundamentalist n.原教旨主义者 nonfundamentalist n.非原教旨主义者 [经典例句] The mayor give his guest a brief introduction to his city. [大纲词汇] takeoff 拿走；脱下；起飞 [经典例句] He helped the old lady to take off her coat. [大纲词汇] beat v.打，敲；打败，战胜；（心脏等）跳动，搏动 n.敲打，敲击声，节拍；（心脏等）跳动，搏动 [衍生词汇] beating n.拍打，捶打；打败 [经典例句] The Russian troop gave a good beating to their enemy. [大纲词汇] tactics n.策略，战术 [经典例句] This is a fairly common tactics among junior executive. [大纲词汇] extent n.广度，宽度，长度；程度，限度 [经典例句] What he did exceeded the extent of his authority. [大纲词汇] deceive v.欺骗，蒙蔽 [衍生词汇] deception n.欺骗，蒙蔽 [经典例句] He was furious at the deception of his friends. [大纲词汇] distort v.歪曲，扭曲 [衍生词汇] distortion n.歪曲，扭曲，变形 [经典例句] What we have heard is a total distortion of facts. [大纲词汇] motive n.动机，目的 [衍生词汇] motivation n.提供动机；动力，诱因，刺激 [经典例句] The child has not found any motivation for learning. [大纲词汇] philosopher n.哲学家，哲人 philosophy n.哲学 [经典例句] He failed in part because of his carelessness. [大纲词汇] clarity n.清晰，明晰 clarify v.澄清，阐明 [经典例句] I remembered the scene with complete clarity. [大纲词汇] effective a.有效的，生效的 [衍生词汇] effectiveness n.有效 [经典例句] No one doubts the effectiveness of the drug. [大纲词汇] specialist n.专家 specialize v. （ in）专攻，专门研究，专业化 specialty n.特性，特质；专业，专长 [衍生词汇] nonspecialist非专家 [大纲词汇] notion n.概念，想法，意念，看法，观点 [经典例句] Her notion of rural life is a lot of sunshine and fun. [经典例句] His behavior in its true sense has showed his indifference to others. [大纲词汇] opponent n.对手，反对者，敌手；a. 二对立的，对抗的 [经典例句] His opponents claimed that he had accepted bribes. [大纲词汇] review v.回顾；复习；n.回顾；复习；评论 [经典例句] His performance got mixed reviews. [大纲词汇] editorial n.社论 |
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