考研英语（二）历年真题阅读要点之2011-Text 1

 　英语(二)阅读命题思路与英语(一)存在一定的差异。为了帮助大家更好地复习，小编为各位同学梳理一下历年考研英语(二)真题阅读文章中涉及的要点，包括词汇、短语、长难句以及简单的阅读方法。接下来看一下2011年考研英语(二)真题阅读Text 1，这篇文章主要探讨了独立董事在公司中的作用及其离职对公司造成的影响。

　　Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachs’s board as an outside director ... she apparently managed both roles without attracting much criticism... was under fire for having sat on Goldman’s compensation committee ... enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked? ... The position was taking up too much time, she said.

　　board“董事会”;director“主管”;manage“成功应对”;criticism“批评”;be under fire“受到指责，遭到批评”;sit on“成为...的一员”;compensation“赔偿”;enormous“巨大的，庞大的”;bonus“奖金，红利”;payout“支出，花费”;unremarked“未被注意的”;take up“占据”。

　　Outside directors are supposed to serve as helpful, yet less biased, advisers ... Having made their wealth and their reputations elsewhere, they presumably have enough independence to disagree with the chief executive’s proposals. If the sky, and the share price is falling, outside directors should be able to give advice based on having weathered their own crises.

　　be supposed to do“应该做某事”;serve as“担任”;biased“有偏见的”;adviser“顾问”;reputation“名声”;presumably“大概”;independence“独立性”;disagree with“不同意”; chief executive“董事长”;proposal“提议”;share price“股价”;be based on“根据，以...为基础”;weather“经受住”;crisis“危机”。

　　... a database that covered ... Then they simply checked which directors stayed from one proxy statement to the next... the researchers concentrated on those “surprise” disappearances ... the probability that the company will subsequently have to restate earnings increases ... The likelihood of being named in a federal class-action lawsuit also increases, and the stock is likely to perform worse... Although a correlation ... is suggestive ... Often they “trade up,”...

　　database“数据库”;cover“包括”;check“检查，核实”;proxy statement“委托书”;concentrate on“集中精力于”;departure“离职”;probability“几率”;subsequently“随后，后来”;restate“重申，重新叙述”;earning“收入”;likelihood“可能性”;federal“联邦的”;class-action“集体诉讼”;lawsuit“诉讼案件”;stock“股票”;be likely to do“可能做某事”;perform“经营”;correlation“相互关系”;suggestive“暗示的”;trade up可以理解为“升级”。