历年考研真题长难句解析荟萃(31)

1. There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry.

【译文】所谓方法论是指一般的历史研究中的特有概念，还是指历史探究中各个具体领域适用的研究手段，人们对此意见不一。

【析句】本句的主干为There is no agreement，whether... or...引导的从句是agreement 的同位语。在同位语中，主语是methodology，谓语是refers to，宾语是the concepts和the research techniques，peculiar to historical work和appropriate  to the various branches of historical inquiry是形容词短语作后置定语，分别修饰两个宾语。

【讲词】peculiar（特别的，独特的）和appropriate（恰当的，适当的）在英语中作后置定语是非常普遍的。

His lectures will cover some of the topics peculiar to computer science.（他的课会涉及计算机科学特有的一些话题。）

We can observe a structural or behavioral characteristic peculiar to an individual or a group.（我们可以观察到个性和群体所特有的一种结构性或行为性的特征。）

The doctor will take action appropriate to the situation.（医生将根据情况采取恰当的措施。）

2. It applies equally to traditional historians who view history as only the external and internal criticism of sources, and to social science historians who equate their activity with specific techniques.

【译文】这种谬误同样存在于历史传统派和历史社科派；前者认为历史就是史学界内部和外部人士对各种史料来源的评论，后者认为历史的研究是具体方法的研究。

【析句】本句的主干为It applies equally to traditional historians... and to social science historians，即谓语动词（applies to）带有两个并列的宾语（traditional historians和social science historians），而两个宾语中又分别跟了一个由who 引导的限制性定语从句。需要注意的是句中activity是指"历史社科派的活动"，即他们的历史研究。

【讲词】 equate意为"使相等；等同"。You can't equate his poems  with his plays.（你不能把他的诗跟剧本相提并论。）Nowadays,many people equate passing examinations with being educated.（当今很多人把考试及格与受过教育等同起来。）