考研英语英汉翻译笔记——一组词组

  1.all＋抽象名词/抽象名词＋itself ＝ very + adj.
  He was all gentleness to her.他对她非常温存。
  To his superiors, he is humility itself。对于长辈，他极为谦逊。
  分析：该结构原来是表示某种性质达到极点的一种说法，有“非常”、“尽管”、“一味”、“尽”的含义，有时甚至可以译为“。。。。的化身”、“。。。。的具体化”。普通复数名词用于“all”之后，也是表达这种概念。
  He is all smiles.他一味地笑。
  She is all eyes.她盯着看。
  I am all anxiety.我真担心。
  He is all attention.他全神贯注地听着。
  2.Something (much) of / nothing (little) of
  Mr.Li is something of a philospher.李先生略具哲学家风范。
  Mr. Wu is nothing of a musician.吴先生全无音乐家的风味。
  Mr. Lu is very much of a poet.陆先生大有诗人气派。
  Mr.Liu is little of a scholar.刘先生几无学者风度。
  分析：此为表示“程度”的形容词短语，有时可以当作副词翻译。
  Something of ＝to some extent（某程度），在问句和条件句中则用anyting of（略有、多少）。nothing of译作“全无、毫无”。

  相类似的情况：
  to be something of = to have something of + 名词＋in ＋代名词
  He is nothing in ability of an orator = He has nothing of an orator in his ability.他毫无演说家的才能。

  这类名词的用法，可以处理为副词。
  He has seen something of life.他略具阅历。他稍阅世。

  Something of 与something like区别：程度上有差异。
  something like ＝ something approximateing in character or amount指数量或性质略同的事物，又作somewhat(似乎、略微)解释。
  This is something like a pudding.此物略似布丁。
  It shaped something like a cigar.其形状略似雪茄。

  3.as...as 的三种用法;
（1）He is as kind as his sister.他象他妹妹一样和蔼。
（2）He is as kind as honest.他既诚实又和蔼。
（3）He ia as kind as his sister is honest.他妹妹诚实，而他和蔼。
 句式1表示两个不同的人相同的性质；
 句式2表示同一个人不同的性质；
 句式3表示两个人的不同性质。该句式中第一个as为之时副词，第二个as为连词。所以，第一个as后面为adj./adv.，而第二个as后面为从句。

  4.as......as any / as .....as ever
  He is as great a statesman as any = He is as great a statesman as ever lived.他是一位稀有的政治家。

  5.as.....as.....can be
  It is as plain as plain can be （may be）.那是再明白不过了。
  A lot of these boys were green as green can be.这些男孩许多都是精力充沛无以复加的。

  6.as......., so............
  As rust eats iron, so care eats the heart.忧能伤人，犹如锈之蚀铁。
  SO相当于in the same proportion; in like manner; in the same way(亦复如此)。为加强语气，也可以在as前面加上just一词。
  As fire tries gold, so does adversity try courage.正如火能试金，逆境可以试人的勇气。
  As the human body is nourished by the food, so is a nation nourished by its industries.正像身体要靠食物营养一样，国家要靠工业营养。
  7.It is in (or with)........as in (or with)......
  It is in life as in a journey.人生好比旅途。
  It is in studying as in eating; he who does it gets the benefits, and not he who sees it done.读书和吃饭一样，得到利益的是那些实际在吃的人，而不是旁观的人。
  It is in mind as in body which must be nourished by good food.精神和身体都必须有好的食物来营养。
  8.as good as / as well as
  It is as goos as done.这就和做好了一样。
  It is broad as well as long.那既长且宽。
  as good as 有两个含义：
（1）amounting to ; not falling short of;等于；同样； 几如；； 不欠缺
He was as good as his word.他不爽约。
（2）virtually; essentially; in every essential respect实际上；其实；实在；在各要点上
He is as good as dead already.宛如死人；行尸走肉；名存实亡
as well as 有四个含义：
（1）no less than; equally with等于；不下于；亦；一样好
I have understanding as well as you.
（2）both....and..;one equally with the other“与”、“两者皆”
Work in moderation is healthy as well as agreeable to the human constitution.适度劳动对身体给予快感，又有益卫生。
（3）与not only....but also有连带关系
He has experience as well as knowledge.= He has not only knowledge but also experience.

（4）可以代替better than
As well (= better) be hanged for a sheep as ( = than) for a lamb.窃钩如窃国，与其盗小羊。