2012同等学力申硕英语每日一练 5月20日

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　　Within a large concrete room, cut out of a mountain on a freezing-cold island just 1,000 kilometers from the North Pole, could lie the future of humanity.

　　The room is a vault(地下库) designed to hold around 2 million seeds, representing all known varieties of the world’s crops. It is being built to safeguard the word’s food supply against nuclear war, climate change, terrorism, rising sea levels, earthquakes and the collapse of electricity supplies “if the worst came to the worst, this would allow the world to reconstruct agriculture on this planet,” says Cary Fowler, director of the global Crop Diversity Trust ,an independent international organization promoting the project .

　　The Norwegian (挪威的)government is planning to create the seed bank next year at the request of crop scientists. The $3 million vault will be built deep inside a sandstone mountain on the Norwegian Arctic island of Spitsbergen. The vault will have metre-thick walls of reinforced concrete and will be protected behind two airlocks and high-security doors.

　　The vault’s seed collection will represent the products of some 10,000 years of plant breeding by the world’s farmers, though most are no longer widely planted, the varieties contain vital genetic properties still regularly used in plant breeding .

　　To survive, the seeds need freezing temperatures. Operators plan to replace the air inside the vault each winter, when temperatures in Spitsbergen are around -18 °C. But even if some disaster meant that the vault was abandoned, the permanently frozen soil would keep the seeds alive. And ever accelerated global warming would take many decades to penetrate the mountain vault.

　　“This will be the world’s most secure gene bank.,” says Fowler. “But its seeds will only be used when all other samples have gone for some reason."

　　The project comes at a time when there is growing concern about the safety of existing seed banks around the world .Many have been criticized for their poor security, ageing refrigeration(冷藏)systems and vulnerable electricity supplies.

　　The scheme won UN approval at a meeting of the Food and Agriculture Organization in Rome in October 2005. A feasibility study sail the facility "would essentially be built last forever."

　　46. The Norwegian vault is important in that______

　　A. the seeds in it represent the rarest varieties of world's crops.

　　B. the seeds in it could revive agriculture if the worst thing should happen.

　　C. it is built deep in a mountain on a freezing-cold Arctic island.

　　D. it is strong enough against all disasters caused by man and nature

　　47. The seed bank project was proposed by______.

　　A. the Norwegian government B. Norwegian farmers

　　B. Spitsbergen residents D. agricultural scientists

　　48. The seeds in the vault will be stored________.

　　A. as samples of world crop varieties

　　B. as products of world plant breeding

　　C. for their valuable genetic properties

　　D. for their resistance to plant diseases

　　49. For the seed bank project to be successful, the most important factor is probably_____.

　　A. constructing tight airlocks

　　B. maintaining high security

　　C. keeping freezing temperatures

　　D. storing large quantities of seeds

　　50. Which of the following statements is true?

　　A. The Norwegian vault models after existing seed banks

　　B. The Spitsbergen seed bank is expected to last 10,000 years

　　C. The existing seed banks have potential problems

　　D. The UN financed the Spitsbergen seed bank

　　答案解析：

　　在离北极1000公里的冰冷的一个岛上的一座山上，切出一间很大的水泥房间，这间房间可以容纳下人类的未来。

　　这个房间是一个地下库，可以容纳大约2百万粒种子，代表了世界上所有的已知的庄稼。是为了在世界发生核战争，气候变化，恐怖主义，海平线上升，地震，电力供应不足时保证食品的供应。“如果糟糕的情况达到了极点，就可以在这个星球上重新种植庄稼。” 《世界庄稼多样性托拉斯》的主席Cary Fowler这样说道。《世界庄稼多样性托拉斯》是推展这个项目的独立的全球性组织。

　　在农业科学家的要求下，挪威ZF正在筹划明年建立一个种子库。这个价值3百万美元的地下库将建在挪威境内北极岛的斯匹次卑尔根的沙石山中。这个地下库的墙壁是厚度为一米的加强水泥材料建的，后面有两道气锁和防盗系数非常高的防盗门对其进行保护。

　　该库搜集来的种子将代表大约1万年以来全世界的农民所种植过的庄稼，尽管大多数庄稼现在不再广泛地种植了，这些品种仍然包含着现在植物种植中重要的基因特性。

　　种子要存活需要温度达到冰点。工作人员计划每年冬天斯匹次卑尔根岛的温度达到-18 °C时更换空气。但即使某场灾难意味着要放弃这个地下库，长期冷冻的土壤也会使种子存活。不断加剧的全球变暖要用几十年才会渗透到这座山上的地下库。

　　“这将是世界上最安全的基因库。” Fowler说道。“但因为某种原因当所有其他的样品都消失的时候才可以用这个库的种子。”

　　这个工程是在世界范围内人们对于现存的种子库的安全性越来越关心的情况下建的。很多种子因其安全性差，老化冷藏系统以及不堪一击的电力供应而受到谴责。

　　2005年10月在罗马举行的食品和农业组织的大会上这个提案获得了联合国的同意。一项可行性报告上说很重要的一点是这种便利是永久性的。

　　46. 【答案】 B

　　【考点】事实细节题

　　【题意】挪威的这个地下库很重要因为______。

　　A. 库里的种子代表了世界上最稀有的庄稼的品种

　　B. 如果最坏的事情发生时，库里的种子可以使农业复活.

　　C. 它建在冰冷的北极岛的一个深山里。

　　D.它很坚固，可以抵御人类和自然引起的所有的灾难。

　　【解析】原文提到if the worst came to the worst, this would allow the world to reconstruct agriculture on this planet，可以看出正确答案应该选B。

　　47. 【答案】 D

　　【考点】事实细节题

　　【题意】这个种子库工程是由_____提出的。

　　A.挪威ZF B. 挪威的农民 B. 斯匹次卑尔根岛的居民 D. 农业科学家

　　【解析】原文提到The Norwegian (挪威的)government is planning to create the seed bank next year at the request of crop scientists. At the request of sb: 在某人的要求下，可以看出正确答案应该选D。

　　48. 【答案】 C

　　【考点】事实细节题

　　【题意】库里的种子可以储存________。

　　A. 作为世界庄稼品种 B. 作为世界作物育种产品

　　C. 为了他们的的有价值的基因特性 D. 为了他们可以预防植物疾病

　　【解析】原文提到the varieties contain vital genetic properties still regularly used in plant breeding. 可以看出正确答案应该选C。

　　49. 【答案】 C

　　【考点】事实细节题

　　【题意】为了让种子库工程获得成功，最重要的因素可能是_____。

　　A. 建立密封的气锁 B. 保持非常高的安全性

　　C. 保持零点的温度 D. 储存大量的种子seeds

　　【解析】原文提到To survive, the seeds need freezing temperatures. 可以看出正确答案应该选C。

　　50. 【答案】 C

　　【考点】推理判断题

　　【题意】下面哪一项是对的?

　　A. 挪威的种子库是按照现存的种子库建立的。

　　B. 预计斯匹次卑尔根岛的种子库有10，000年的寿命。

　　C. 现存的种子库有很多潜在的问题。

　　D. 联合国资助了斯匹次卑尔根岛的种子库。

　　【解析】对错判断推理题的做题方法就是把四个选项和原文一一对应，逐一排除。原文倒数第二段提到The project comes at a time when there is growing concern about the safety of existing seed banks around the world .Many have been criticized for their poor security, ageing refrigeration(冷藏)systems and vulnerable electricity supplies. 可以看出现存的种子库有很多潜在的问题，故正确答案应该选择C。

 

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