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 Gymnastics is a sport involving the performance of sequences of movements requiring physical strength，flexibility,and kinesthetic awareness，such as handsprings，hands tands，and forward rolls．It developed from fitness and beauty practices used by the ancient Greeks，including skills for mounting and dismounting a horse．and circus performance skills．In ancient times the termim plied exercise taken by men in a gymnasium，a venue for intellectual and physical education． It is often considered a dangerous sport．as me difficult acrobatic maneuvers often performed On equipment high above tIle ground puts the athlete at risk of serious injury． History体操的历史 Gymnastics aS a system of harmonious sports training originated in the Ancient Greece more than 2,000 years ago，although gymnastic exercises and even some sort Of apparatus were used．in the ancient China and India for medical purposes much earlier．The system Was mentioned in works by ancient authors．such as Homer,Aristotle and Plato．It included many disciplines，which would later become separate sports：swimming race,wrestling boxing，riding，etc，and Was also used for the military training．In its present form gymnastics evolved in Germany and Czechoslovakia in the beginging of the 19lh century,and the term“artistic gymnastics”Was introduced at the same time to distinguish flee styles from the ones used by the military．A German educator Friedrich Ludwig Jahn．who Was known as the father of gymnastics．invented several apparatus．including the horizontal bar and parallel bars which are used to this day．Two of the first gymnastics clubs were Turnvereins and Sokols． In 1881 International GytunasticsFederation was founded and remains the goveming body of international gymnasticssince then．n included only three countries and was called European GymnasticsFederation until 1921．when me first non—European countries joined the federation，and it was reorganizedintoitspresentform．Gymnastics was included into the program of the 1896 Summer Olympics．but women were allowed to participate in the Olympics only since 1928．World Championships，held since 1903 also remained for men only until 1934．Since that time two branches of artistic gymnastics have been developing WAG(Women's Artistic Gymnastics)and MAG(Men's Artistic Gymnastics)which，unlike men's and women's branches of many other sports，are much different in apparatus used at the major competmons，in techniques and concerns． Disciplines体操项目 Modem gymnaslics，as regulated by the Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique incorporates six distinct discjplines: ·Artistic gymnastics(further classified as Men's Artisic Gymnastics and Women's Artistic Gymnastics) ·Rhythmic gymnastics ·Sports aerobics ·Sports acrobatics ·Trampolining ·General gymnastics |
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