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| Of these disciplines，the two sub-disciplines of artistic and rhythmic gymnastics are the best known，having been part of Summer Olympic Games competitions．IndividualTrampoline has been included in theSummer Olympics since 2000．  Artistic gymnasics艺术体操 Artistic Gymnastics is usually diVided into Men's(MAG) and Women's Gymnastics(WAG)，each group doing different evems；Men compete on vault，Parallel Bars，the Pommel Horse， the Rings，the High Bar,and on the Floor,while women compete onVault，Uneven Bars，Beam,and Floor Exercise．In the past in some countries women competed on the rings and the high bar too，at least ac the national level(for example，in the 1950s in the USSR)．ThOUgh routines performed on each event may be short，they are physically exhausting and push the gymnast's strength，flexibility，endurance and awareness to the 1imit．Competitive women's gymnastics consists of two different stages：novice and optional．At t11e novice level．the gymnast performs routines that are pre-choreographed for all gymnasts．At the optional level，the gymnast performs routines that she herselfchoreographed Or choreographed with the help of a dance choreographed Every gymnast's rountine at this advanced level will be different． Women's events女子项目 Vault跳马 In the vaulting eVent，gymnasts sprint down a 25 meter(about 82feet)runway,leap onto a springboard and onto the vaulting apparatus in a straight body position，touching the horse with their hands and pushing Off of it．Beginners will often be upright；more advanced gymnasts will push off from a handstand position．The postflight may include one or muliple saltos and twists． In 2001 the traditiOnal vault was replaced by the new vaulting table，sometimes known aS a tongue．(But is not normally called this．)The new apparatus is more stable than the old one，giviing gymnasts alarger blocking surface．It is als0 longer—approx．three feet in length and two feet in with． Uneven Bars高低杠 On tHe uneven bars(also known aS asymmetric bars，UK)，the gymnast navigates two horizontal bars set at different heights，depending on the height Of the gymnast．(The most common setting of the distance between the bars is“F”，which is just about in the middle．)Gymnasts perform swinging，cireling，transitional，and release moves．aS well as handstands．The gymnast must use bothbars to receive a high score． Balance Beam 平衡木 The gymnast performs a choreographed routine from 70 to 90seconds in length consisting of leaps，acrobatic skills，turns and dance elements on a padded spring beam about 4 feet high，16 feet10ng，and 4 inches wide．The event requires in particular balalice and flexibility.If there are any“bobbles”or mishaps there can be deductions．FOr example：If the gymnast feU off the beam ortouched her hands on the beam when she was not supposed to that Would be an automatic 5 tenths deduction．But if she were to bobble．depending on hOW severe it was it Can be anywhere from a l tenth |
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