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09年职称英语理工类课程讲义:词汇选项(5)

作者:   发布时间:2008-10-22  来源:育路外语考试频道
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词汇选择试题以及分析:
  1.At midnight(午夜、半夜12点), we were aroused (吵醒)by a knock(敲) at the door. (answer: B)
  A. irritated:vt(使人恼怒、急噪)I am irradiated by the delay of the flight(航班的延误).
  B. awakened: vt (弄醒,唤醒)my mother awakens me every morning.
  C. arisen(***): vi(是arise的过去分词,出现、呈现、引起、发生,一般和介词from搭配。)
  A new problem(问题) has arisen.
  arise = appear = come up = originate = cause
  D. annoyed:vt(是annoy的过去分词, 使某人不悦、惹恼某人,打搅)
  His constant(不断的。不停的) cries(哭闹) annoy me.
  分析:arouse是一个多义词,一般作为及物动词使用,基本含义有:唤醒某人,引起、激发;鼓励、鼓动。我们可以参看教材上一道原题(卫生类)
  In a bullfight, it is the movement, not the color, of objects that arouses the bull.
  A. confuses(使人迷惑,混淆) B. excites(使人兴奋、刺激,激发)
  C. scares(恐吓某人,吓跑某人) D. diverts(转移某人的注意力,使某物转向)
  arouse = awaken = encourage = cause
  在06年的8题中,题目略做改动:
  It is the movement, not the color, of objects that excites the bull.
  A. frightens(使人感到恐惧、害怕) B. scares C. confuses D. arouses
  得出结论:不要背答案,要搞清每个常用词的用法和同义词,尽量在学习过程中能作到举一反三。
  2.She was awarded(颁发、授予、) a prize(奖) for the film(电影). (answer: A)
  A. given:vt(给、授予、让步、供给), 常出现的固定搭配:give away泄露秘密,发放,颁发; give forth发表,公布,发出声音、气味;give in屈服,交上;give way to让步,坍塌,破裂
  B. rewarded:vt酬劳、奖赏;n 报酬、赏金,常见搭配:
  as a reward for作为对某事的奖赏;reward sb for sth为某事而报答某人,请注意派生词:rewarding: adj 值得做的,令人满意的 a rewarding film/trip(旅行)
  如:He rewarded the boy for finding his lost mobile phone.
  C. sent(是send过去分词,送, 寄)
  The mother sends her children to school every morning.
  D. reminded(原形是remind, 提醒某人,使某人想起,常见搭配:remind sb of sth)
  The picture(照片) reminded me of my father.
  分析:award属于词义比较简单的词,一般表示颁发、授予、判定、给予,如:
  she was awarded a gold medal(金牌) as a swimming(游泳) champion(冠军)
  3.Smoking(吸烟) will be banned (禁止)in all public(公共的) places here. (answer: A)
  A. forbidden: 原形是forbid, 意思是禁止,不许,常见搭配:forbid sb to do sth,
  The teacher forbids us to talk(说话) in the class.
  B. allowed(***): 原形allow, 允许、准许某人做某事,allow sb to do sth, 如:
  My boss(老板) doesn’t allow me to use(使用)the phone(电话).
  C. permitted : vt 原形permit, 允许,许可,使某事有可能性,同义词allow, let.
  allow = permit = let
  D. promoted(***): v 原形promote, 促进、增进、发扬、提升、请注意派生的名词:promotion: 提升、促销,提倡、赞助。
  如:She worked hard and was promoted very soon. (她工作努力,很快获得晋升。)
  the organization(组织) works to promote(促进) friendship(友谊) between nations(两国之间的).
  我们可以一起来看一下教材中的一道题:
  Smoking is not permitted in the office. (07教材37页)
  A. probable:形容词,可能的,同义词:possible
  B. possible:形容词,可能的,同义词:probable)
  C. admitted:动词,承认、允许某人进入,如:
  1). The small window admits very little light(阳光).
  2). I admitted I was wrong. (我承认我错了。)
  D. allowed = permitted
  4.That guy(家伙,小伙子) is intelligent(聪明的), but a bit dull (沉闷的、乏味的、单调的). (answer: D)
  A. strange:奇怪的、陌生的、不同寻常的,常见搭配:be strange to sth
  he’s strange to the new work. (他对这新工作很不习惯。)
  B. special:特殊的、特别的、专门的、额外的,如:special friend特别的朋友;special train专列;当名词用时,特别的人或事物。
  C. quiet:安静的。Keep quiet!保持安静!
  D. boring:枯燥的、无趣的、单调的,请注意和它有关的其他同根词:
  bore: v使人感到乏味;bored: adj 感到乏味的;在口语中,有时说:
  Long speech bores me to death. (冗长的演讲把我烦死了。)
  接下来,请看03年一道真题:
  8. We all think(认为) that Mary’s husband(丈夫) is a very boring(乏味的) person.
  A shy(害羞的) B stupid(愚蠢的)
  C dull(乏味的、无趣的、迟钝的) D selfish(自私的)
  dull = boring = uninteresting
  得出结论:有时间多做真题。只要是高频核心词,总会不厌其烦地出现在试卷上。
  9.She is a highly (非常) successful (成功的)teacher. (answer: C)
  A. fairly :adv 相当地、公平地、完全地,一般与褒义词连用,如:
  1). Your bedroom(卧室)is fairly tidy(整洁的).
  2). You are not treating(对待) us fairly(公平地).
  B. rather : adv 相当地,多与贬义词连用,如:it’s rather cold today. (今天相当地冷。)除此之外,常见搭配:would rather do A than do B:宁愿做A也不愿做B,如:
  I would rather walk to school than take a bus.
  rather too:太。。。,如:English is rather too difficult for me.(英语对于我来说太难。)
  rather than:不是,不要,如:I would like a cup of tea rather than coffee.
  C. very: 非常
  D. moderately: adv 适度地、不过分地
  补充:关于highly:高度地,非常,如:
  his classmates speak highly of him. (他的同班同学对他高度评价。)
  请见06年一道真题:
  10. It is highly unlikely(不可能的) that she will arrive(到达) today
  A. probably  B. very  C. hardly(否定副词,几乎不)  D. possibly
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