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历年考研英语常见词根(五)

作者:   发布时间:2009-05-22 10:32:00  来源:
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  后缀

  一、名词后缀

  常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:

  1.-ster,-eer,-er(or)意为:从事某种职业或参与某种活动的人(person engaged in an occupation or activity)例词:gamester,gangster,songster,engineer,profiteer,mountaineer,auctioneer,driver,teacher,director,actor,professor

  2.-let意为:小或者不重要的东西(small,unimportant things)例词:booklet,leaflet,starlet

  3.-ette意为:1)小的东西(small)例词:cigarette2)假的东西(imitation)例词:leatherette3)女性(female)例词:usherette

  4.-ess意为:女性(female)例词:actress,poetess,hostess

  5.-hood意为:时期(status;etc.)例词:boyhood,childhood,manhood

  6.-ship意为:才能,状态,资格,品质等(skill,state,condition,status,quality)例词:leadership,friendship,membership,lectureship,sportsmanship

  7.-ful意为:量(the amount which noun contains)例词:cupful,handful,mouthful,spoonful

  8.-tion,-ion意为:1)状态,行动等(state;action;etc.)例词:action,oppression,possession,education,starva-tion2)机构等(institution;etc.)例词:organization,foundation

  9.-ment意为:状态,行动等(state;action;etc.)例词:movement,enslavement,pavement

  10.-al意为:动作(action)例词:arrival,refusal,revival,recital,removal

  11.-age意为:程度,数量等(extent;amount;etc.)例词:wastage,coverage,acreage,shrinkage,breakage,hostage

  12.-ness;-ity(ty)意为:状态,品质(state;quality;etc.)例词:happiness,usefulness,selfishness,kindness,rapidity,activity,sanity,changeability

  13.-ism意为:道义,主义,学说等(doctrine of,practice of)例词:idealism,impressionism,absenteeism,racism

  二、动词后缀

  常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:

  1.-ify意为:转为,变为(to turn into,to make or become)例词:beautify,diversify,simplify

  2.-ize;-en意为:使……,变得……(to make or become;to make into)例词:modernize,popularize,legalize,hospitalize,symbolize,ripen,widen,heighten,threaten

  3.-ate意为:增加,使……(give or add,make or become)例词:originate,hydrogenate,validate,differentiate

  三、形容词后缀

  常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:

  1.-ful意为:充满,有(full of;having;giving;etc.)例词:useful,pitiful,hopeful,helpful,forgetful,thankful,fearful

  2.-less意为:没有,无(without;not giving)例词:speechless,childless,harmless,hopeless,meaningless

  3.-ly意为:有……品质的(having the qualities of)例词:beastly,manly,brotherly,friendly

  4.-like意为:像……的(like)例词:childlike,statesmanlike,tiger-like

  5.-y;-ish意为:像……一般的(somewhat like)例词:meaty,sandy,silky,hairy,leafy,watery,foolish,girlish,blackish,thinnish

  6.-some意为:像……一样的;引起……的;有……品质的(like;causing;having the quality of)例词:troublesome,burdensome,wholesome,tiresome,bothersome

  7.-able(ible)意为:能……的;可以……的(able to be;capable)例词:changeable,readable,drinkable,comfortable,expansible,convincible

  8.-ed意为:有……的(having,etc.)例词:wooded,pointed,moneyed,odd-shaped

  9.-al意为:有……属性的,……类型的(nature of,typical of)例词:cultural,personal,regional,musical

  10.-ary(ory)意为:属于……的,与……相连的(belonging to;connected with)例词:revolutionary,imaginary,contradictory

  11.-ous意为:富含……的;有……品质的;像……的(full of;having the quality of;like)例词:glorious,erroneous,malicious,gracious

  12.-ic(ical)意为:……类的;属于……的(typical of;belonging to)例词:historic,historical,methodic,methodical,dramatic,heroic

  13.-ive意为:有……属性的;有某种倾向的(having the nature or quality of;given or tending to)例词:attractive,talkative,restrictive,defensive,preventive,constructive,sensitive

  四、副词后缀

  常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:

  1.-ly意为:以……方式(ina……manner;etc.)

  例词:happily,boldly,attentive-ly,strangely

  2.-ward(s)意为:表示方式或动作的方向(manner and direction of movement)例词:onward(s),backward(s),earthward(s),homeward(s),eastward(s)

  3.-wise意为:1)按照……方式(in the manner of)例词:crabwise,clockwise2)就……而言(as far as……is concerned)例词:weather-wise,education-wise

  词性注解:

  n.名词

  v.动词

  pron.代词

  adj.形容词

  adv.副词

  num.数词

  art.冠词

  prep.介词

  conj.连词

  interj.感叹词

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