2011年考研英语语法讲义：状语从句

　状语从句

　　一、状语从句的本质。就是用一个句子来作另外一个句子的状语。

　　状语从句的分类：时间状语、地点状语、原因状语、结果状语、目的状语、条件状语、让步状语、比较状语、方式状语。

　　2005年例句

　　Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, ____ others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers.

　　A. when B. since C. for D. whereas

　　难点：

　　1.When

　　常考的句型：Hardly…when; when it comes that; when it comes to ;1991年例句：

　　____to speak when the audience interrupted him.

　　A. Hardly had he begun B. No sooner hardly had he begun

　　C. Not until he begin D. Scarcely had he begin

　　1998年例句：

　　Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true ________ it comes to classroom tests.

　　A. before B. as C since D. when

　　2.地点状语从句

　　Where 引导地点状语一般总是放在主句的后面。例如：

　　A driver should slower down where there are schools.

　　3.原因状语从句

　　Since从……起;因为……

　　比较特殊的连词：in that因为的意思。例句：The girl is like her mother in that she also has very delicate feeling.

　　Now that…因为;given that…

　　4. 目的状语从句

　　lest… 唯恐，害怕;for fear当心，害怕引导的是虚拟语气。谓语是should +动词原形。should常省略。

　　5.结果状语从句 有两种引导法so…that; so that; such…that; such that

　　2001年例句：Conversation becomes weaker in a society that spends so much time listening and being talked to ________ it has all but lost the will and the skill to speak for itself.

　　A. as B. which C. that D. what

　　把so…that; so that; such…that; such that中的so或such放在句首形成倒装句。例如：

　　So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine it’s speed.

　　to the extent (that)表示结果

　　to some extent 表示在……之内。在某种程度上

　　6.条件状语从句 用unless; if 引导

　　难点：only if ; if only

　　only if是“只有”的意思; if only是“只要”意思。2000年例句：

　　He can continue to support himself and his family ____ he produces a surplus.

　　A. only if B. much as C .long before D. ever since

　　要记住：supposing (that)…;provided (that)…;on condition that…

　　例如：He will surely finished job on time ____he has left to do it in his own way.

　　A.in that B.in case C.as far as D.so long as

　　7.让步状语从句 although; though; even if; even though

　　1997年例句：__ __ its economy continues to recover, the US is increasingly becoming a nation of part timers and temporary workers.

　　A. Even though B. Now that C. If only D. Provided that

　　2004年例句：All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, __ _ a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.

　　A. provided B. since C. although D. supposing

　　表示让步转折的介词：in spite of; despite 例如：__what he achieved in medicine he remained modest.

　　A. Despite B. Although C. If D. Whereas

　　However; nevertheless; nonetheless

　　1998年例句：This view; __,is generally thought to be wrong.

　　A. however B. meanwhile C. therefore D. more over

　　While当……时候;然而，但是

　　重点：与as有关的让步状语从句

　　由as 引导的倒装句

　　adj.,adv.,分词，名词，短语+as+主语+谓语。

　　例如：Child as he is, he can remember a lot of things.

　　as 或so+adj+as+主谓结构

　　例如：As much as John hates to do it, he must stay at home and study tonight.

　　8.比较状语从句

　　重点讲倍数为题

　　1.倍数+比较级A is three times bigger than B.

　　2.倍数+as…as 结构。A is three times as big as B.

　　3.倍数+名词结构A is Three times the size of B.

　　No more than 特点：

　　1. No more than=not any more than

　　2.从功能上看往往表示两个事物之间的类比关系。

　　3.从意义上看是和……一样。

　　Not so much as

　　结构上有两种1. Not A so much as B.

　　2.not so much as B.与其说A，不如说B。

　　例如：It wasn’t so much that I disliked her ________ that I just wasn’t interested in the whole business.

　　A. rather B. so C. than D. as