高一英语:必修2第一单元知识点Cultural relics
1. include vt 包括;包含
Price $14.90, postage included. 价格14.90美元，邮资包括在内。
He had included a large number of funny stories in the speech.
他在讲话中加进了许多引人发笑的故事。
1)including为介词，后接名词、代词作宾语。
There were six people in the room, including 3 women.房间里有六个人，包括三个妇女。
2)included为过去分词充当的形容词，无比较级和最高级，其前常用名词或代词。
It is reported that nine people were killed in the aircrash. an American included.
据报道九个人在坠机事件中丧生, 包括一个美国人在内。
3)比较 include，contain
include作“包含”解时，其后的宾语只是整体的一部分。
Contain作此意解时，其后的宾语指的是整体的全部。
Six were killed, including a boy.连一个男孩在内，共有六个人死亡。
Our textbooks contains twelve units.我们的教科书包括十二个单元。
2. restore vt
1) 归还 to restore stolen property 归还赃物
2)恢复;复兴 to restore law and order 恢复法律和秩序
3)恢复健康;复原 restored after one's holiday 假期之后健康恢复了
3. rebuildv. 再建;重建 rebuild a house after the fire.火灾后重建房子。
注意：re-前缀，加在动词或名词前。“重新”。如：rewrite, reopen, revisit, remake, reprint, reread.
4. burnvi, vt burnt 或 burned, burning
1) 燃烧 The house is burning. 房子烧起来了。
2) 发光;照亮 a light burning 灯光亮着
3) 发热;炙热 the burning sand 炙热的沙子
4) 热衷 She is burning to tell you the news. 她急于要告诉你这消息。
Everybody is burning to know the good news.大家都急于想知道这则好消息。
5) 烧伤;烧坏;烧毁 He burnt all his papers. 他烧毁了(他)所有的文件。
n. 烧伤 burns on her hand 手部的烧伤 burn up (因热度过高)烧坏; 快速旅行;赶路to burn up the road 赶路
5. beauty n.
1) 美，美貌 a flower of great beauty 一朵非常美丽的花
2) 美人;美的事物 Your daughter is quite a beauty. 你的女儿很漂亮。
3) 极好的(或极坏的)人或事物
That black eye you got in the fight is a real beauty! 你那被打得乌青的眼睛可真漂亮喔!
6. photographvt 照相;为…而拍照
We photographed the school team. 我们给校队照了个相。
1)n.照片, 相片;逼真的印象[描绘]
2)have [get] one's photograph taken(=sit [pose]for one's photograph)请人拍照
3)have a photograph taken with和... 合影; take a photograph of拍摄
She has had no photographs of herself taken since her marriage.自从结婚后她一直没拍过照片。
7. damage n
1) 损失;损害，损坏
The storm did a lot of damage to the crops. 暴风雨使庄稼受到了很大损失。
2)(前面与the连用)价钱
What are the damage for the wash job of my car? 清洗我的车要多少钱?
3) (pl) 赔偿费 to claim damages索赔
The court awarded ￡500 in damages to the injured. 法庭判给受伤者500英镑的赔偿费。
vt 损害，损坏;使受损失
The earthquake damaged several buildings. 地震使一些建筑受到了破坏。
8. project n计划;设计
an impossible project 不可能实施的计划
a project to build a new road 建一条新路的规划
1) 突出;使突出
The wall is projected in the middle. 这堵墙壁在中部凸出。
His eyebrows project noticeably. 他的眉毛特别突出。
2) 投掷;扔;发射; 扩散
A singer must learn to project his voice so as to be heard in a large hall.
"歌手必须学会把声音送得远,使会堂里的人都听得见。"
3) 表现(自己);突出(自己)
A politician must project himself if he wants to win an election.
政治家如想赢得选举胜利必须表现自己。
9. official adj
1) 官方的; 正式的
The mass media demanded that all the official documents concerning the sale of this land be made public. 大众媒体要求公布有关出售这块土地的全部正式文件。
2)an official letter 公函; official price 官方牌价;
an official title 官衔; official news官方消息
Although the retired architects of the party do not occupy any official positions, they have a lot of authority. 虽然党的缔造者们现在不担任正式职务,但他们很有一些影响。
3)n. 官员; 公务员
an official in the department of health 卫生部门的官员
10. breathn
1) 呼吸;气息 a deep breath 深呼吸
Let me get my breath back. 让我喘口气。
How long can you hold your breath? 你能屏住气多长时间?
2) 微风 hardly a breath of air 几乎没有一点风
3)习惯用语：catch one's breath屏息;歇一口气：hold one's breath屏息;take breath歇息
waste one's breath白费口舌;take one's breath away 目瞪口呆;大为惊讶
The original picture of the unknown ancient painter took my breath away.
那幅不知名古代画家的真迹使我惊讶不止。
(责任编辑：康彦林)
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