高一英语：下册第三单元必备知识点梳理
一、重点短语
in common 共同的
in common with 和…一样
We have much/a lot /nothing /little/something in common.我们有很多/没有/几乎没有/有一些相似之处。
2.put… in order把…排序
in order按顺序; 整齐
out of order次序紊乱;(机器等)失灵; 出故障
3. compare …with…把…与…想比
compare …to… 把…比作…
compared with与…想比
4. over time 久而久之
5.begin as作为…开始
6. technological revolution科技革命
7. from then on. 从那时起
from now on 从现在起
8. artificialintelligence 人工智能
9. in size and in brainpower 在体积和脑容量上
10.as a result结果as a result of作为…的结果
11. go by(时间)流逝，过去 pass by经过
12. human beings, humanrace, mankind人类
13. provide sb. with sth.= provide sth. forsb.给某人提供某物
14. a life of high quality高质量生活
15. in reality事实上
16. be crazy about…痴迷于，醉心于
17. do research into 进行…的研究
18.have a good shot for a goal. 好好地射一个球
19. a devoted friend一个忠实朋友
20. be connected with …与…有联系
21. get together 聚会
22.make up 组成，构成
be made up of由…组成;编造;弥补
make up for;化妆
23.in the early 1960s在20世纪 60 年代早期
24. on the football team在球队中
25. come true 实现，达到
My dream comes true.我梦想成真。
realize one’s dream 实现梦想
26. in a way=in one way=in some ways从某种程度上说，从某些方面来说
in the/one’s way挡路,碍事
on the/one’s way to …在去…的路上
in this way用这种方法
by the way 顺便提一下
by way of London 途经伦敦
loseone's way 迷路, 迷失方向
in no way绝不
27. after all毕竟，终究
in all=in total总共
above all尤其重要的是，首先
firstof all首先，起初
notat all根本不，一点也不
all in all 总之
28. by oneself=on one’s own独自
29. watch over 看守，照管，监视
30.mobile phone手机
31. with the help of在…的帮助下
32. what’s more=inaddition 更重要的是，而且，另外
33. be filled with充满
二、重点句型
1. …it nearly took two hundred years before I was built as an analyticalmachine…差不多到了200年之后我才被做成分析机。
It takes/took/be+时间段+before… “多久之后才…”
2. As time went by. 随着时间的推移。
三、语法----被动语态
(一)概念：主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
(二)各种时态被动语态的形式
1.一般现在时的被动语态 am/is/are + done
2.一般过去时的被动语态 was/were + done
3.一般将来时的被动语态⑴will/shall be done⑵be going to be done⑶be to be done
4.现在进行时的被动语态 is/am/are + being +done
表示说话人说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作，经常和时间副词now (现在), right now (现在,此刻), at present (现在,目前), at this moment (此刻)连用。
5.现在完成时的被动 have/has been done
现在完成时常与already,always, often, ever, never, yet, not...yet, just等不表示明确的时间副词连用,还可以和表示时间一直延续到目前的带(ever )since, for的状语及包括现在在内的词连用。如: now, today, thismonth, this year, recently, these days，many times, so far, by now, in the past/last few days/years… 等。
6. 过去完成时的被动 had been done
7. 过去将来时的被动 would be done
8. 过去进行时的被动 was/were being done
9. 带情态动词的被动语态 情态动词 + be done
10. 动词不定式的被动式 to be done e.g. It is an honor for me to be asked tospeak here.
(三)注意事项：
1. 并不是所有动词都有被动语态
happen,take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。
2. 短语动词、固定搭配变被动语态介词副词不省。
E.g. Time should be madefull use of.
3. 双宾语：一个宾语成主语，另一主语保留不变。
E.g. Mother will buy me an iphone5.
→ I will be bought an iphone5 (by mymother) .
→ An iphone5 will be bought for me(by my mother) .
4. 复合宾语(含宾补) 省to动词不定式变被动还原to
使役：make sb. do sth.→Sb. be made to do sth.
感官类：see/hear sb. do sth. →Sb. be seen/heard to do sth.
e.g.Mum made me clean the floor.
→I was made to clean the floor.
(责任编辑：康彦林)
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