高一英语：上册第三单元知识点Lesson 1 Festivals
一.重点单词
1.include v.包含，包括
Six students have been to Japan, including me.
六个学生曾去过日本，包括我。
拓展：
(1)contain 指作为组成部分被包含在内，是内容物的包括。
The drink contains alcohol.
这种饮料里含有酒精。
(2)include指作为整体的一部分包括进去，是范围的包括。
His duty includes answering phones.
他的责任包括接电话。
(3) including +名词/代词 意思为 “包括...在内”。
(4) 名词/代词+ included 意思为 “...被包括在内”。
运用：选择填空
(1)Five students, ____Tom, passed the exam the other day.
A. included B. including C. contain D. contained
答案：B including +名词/代词 意思为 “包括...在内”，
名词/代词+ included 意思为 “...被包括在内”。Tom included 也对。
(2) The boss has______ the broken cup in your bill.
A. including B. included C. contained D. containing
答案：B include指作为整体的一部分包括进去，是范围的包括。
2.journey n.旅行
拓展：
trip , tour, travel与journey的区别
journey主要指路地长途旅行， trip常指短距离的旅行，远足。
tour常指观光、考察等的环游旅行，travel指短距离或国外旅行
运用：选择填空
He likes __ to France.
A. journey B. traveling C. tour D. trip
答案：B like to do/doing sth
3. power n.
1) 权,政权;权力;势力 (+over)
2) 职权;权限[C][U][+to-v]
The president has the power to vote down bills.
总统有权否决议案。
3) 能力,本领 (+of)
She lost her power of speech.
她失去了说话的能力。
4)力;动力,电力
The shortage of power dimmed the streets.
由于电力不足,街道昏暗。
5) (有时大写)有权力的人;有影响的机构;强国,大国
The world powers will meet in Paris this summer.
今夏世界上的大国将在巴黎聚会。
拓展：
powerful adj. 有影响力的，权力大的 powerfully adv.有权势地
(1) come into power 上台、执政(强调动作)
(2) the power to do sth =the power of doing sth 做……的能力
类似用法的词还有way, chance等。
(3) out of/beyond one's power 某人不能胜任的;能力所不及
(4) in power 执政，当权(强调状态)
(5) have power over sb. 能支配某人
运用：选择填空
When Hitler came into___, he found the doors of the study closed to him.
A. light B. power C. office D. being
答案：B come into power 上台、执政。
4.accept v.接受、应允、收受 答应
拓展：
accept强调自愿主动地接受，receive强调被动接受 或收到
accept作及物动词，还表示承认,相信 ,接纳。
Mary received a gift from a friend of hers, but she didn't accept it.
I can't accept my new boss.
运用：选择填空
He did____ the gift, but he didn’t____ it.
A. accept; receive B. receive; accept
C. accepted; receive. D. receive; accepted
答案： D accept强调自愿主动地接受，receive强调被动接受 或收到。
5.decorate vt装饰;布置
He decorated the room with flowers.
他用鲜花装饰了那间房子。
拓展：
(1)decorate sth with sth 用某物装点某物
(2)decoration n 装潢，装饰品
运用： 翻译
他为了给我装修房间买了许多装饰品给我。
答案： He bought me a lot of decorations to decorate my rooms.
6.darkness 黑暗
The whole country was in thick darkness when the war broke out.
当战争爆发时，整个国家都笼罩在深深的黑暗中。
拓展：
darkness与dark的区别，darkness常指一时的黑暗。dark表示经常
的黑暗或长时间的黑暗，用时需加the。
Keep sb in the dark 为某人保密
Keep sth in the dark 暗中做事
运用：选择填空
lt was ________before we got there.
A. lights B. moon C. bright D. dark
答案： D dark表示经常的黑暗或长时间的黑暗。
7. occasion n.
1) 场合,时刻;重大活动,盛典[C]
2) 时机,机会
I seized the occasion to invite her home for dinner.
我抓住机会邀请她回家里吃饭。
3)起因,近因 (+of)
His departure was the occasion of much sadness.
他的离别是令人十分悲伤的起因。
4) 理由;需要[U] (+for/+to-v)
He has no occasion to buy another bike.
他没有必要再买一辆自行车。
拓展：occasion vt.
引起;惹起
Li Ming rude behavior occasioned a quarrel.
李明的粗鲁行为引起了一场争吵。
与occasion搭配的相关词组:
by occasion of 由于,因为;
on occasion(s) 偶尔,间或,有时;
on the occasion of 在…之际;
on this occasion 这一次
on one occasion 曾经，有一个时候
运用：完成句子
(1) 由于粗心她没有通过考试。
He failed the exam ____ occasion ___ his carelessness.
答案： by; of
(2) 你没有理由卖掉这房子。
You have no occasion ___ ___ the house.
答案：to; sell
8. contribute v.
拓展：(1)捐献，贡献，增加
The terrible weather contributed to our difficulty .
恶劣的天气增加人们的困难。
(2)向……投稿
Li Lei often contributes to the magazine.
李雷经常给杂志投稿。
(3)contribution n.贡献，常用词组 make a contribution /contributions to
为……做贡献
They made great contributions to their motherland.
他为他的祖国作出了很大的贡献。
运用：选择填空
The rich man _________much money ___his hometown.
A.contributed; to B.contribute; to C.contibuted to; to D.contributes to; on
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