2017年高考英语专项练习题型及答案(4)
考点一、条件句中的虚拟语气
【考例】
—It rained cats and dogs this morning. I’m glad we took an umbrella.
—Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we _____. (2013重庆)
A. hadn’t B. haven’t C. didn’t D. don’t
解析：Awould have got wet可知，
考点二、错综时间/混合虚拟语气
【考例】
Maybe if I ______ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help. (2011北京)
A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying
解析：C。当条件从句与结果主句所表示的时间不一致时，虚拟语气的形式应做相应的调整。句意：也许如果当时我学习的是科学而不是文学的话，那么我(现在)就可以给你更多的帮助了。根据句意和would be可知主句表示对现在的虚拟，根据then一词可以确定此处条件句表示与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词使用had done的形式。
考点三、虚拟条件从句的倒装和省略
【考例】
Had they known what was coming next, they _____ second thoughts. (2012浙江)
A. may have B. could have C. must have had D. might have had
解析：Dwere, had(助动词)或should，if，were, had或should放在主语前构成倒装。如果条件句是否定形式，倒装时只能把not放在主语的后面。句意：他们要是早知道将要发生什么的话，也许就会有另外的想法了。 根据Had they known可知，应用与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。
考点四、含蓄条件虚拟语气
【考例】
We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we ______ more places of interest yesterday. (2012福建)
A. visited B. had visited C. would visit D. would have visited
解析：D。虚拟语气中有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而暗含在上下文中，通过某些词语(如without, otherwise, but, but for等)表现出来。句意：我们在小村庄里迷路了，否则昨天我们就会参观更多的名胜。
考点五、“(should) do” 型虚拟语气 (主要用在名词性从句中)
【考例1】
Teachers recommend parents ______ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety. (2010福建)
A. not allow B. do not allow C. mustn’t allow D. couldn’t allow
解析：A。句意：为了安全起见，老师建议家长不要让12岁以下的孩子骑自行车上学。在表示建议、要求、命令等的名词性从句中，谓语动词用“(should)+动词原形”形式。常用于此情况的词语有：坚持(insist)，命令(order, command), 建议(suggest/suggestion, advise, recommend/recommendation)，要求(ask, demand，request, require/requirement)等等。
【考例2】
—Don’t you think it necessary that he ______to Miami but to New York?
—I agree, but the problem is ______ he has refused to. (2005江苏)
A. will not be sent; that
B. not be sent; that
C. should not be sent; what
D. should not send; what
解析：B。“(should)+do”型虚拟语气还包括It is necessary, important... + that+主语+(should)+ do句型。
考点六、wish(ed)后从句中的虚拟语气
【考例】
— Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completely ruined.
— I wish they ______ always late. (2011北京)
A. weren’t B. hadn’t been
C. wouldn’t be D. wouldn’t have been
解析：A。句意： ——孩子们都到哪里去了?宴会就要被他们彻底破坏了。 —— 我希望他们不要总是迟到。由always可知本题表示从句动作与wish同时存在或发生，故选择A。在wish后面的宾语从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气。与现在事实相反用动词过去式(be常用were); 与过去事实相反用过去完成时或could/would+ have done;与将来事实相反用could/would/might +动词原形。注意：“hope +从句”结构中，从句要用陈述语气。
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