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07成人高考专升本英语考前笔记

2008-01-27 10:08:29 来源:

  l 被动语态

  1. 一般现在时的被动语态:

  承受者+be{is/am/are +done(过去分词) by+执行者 .

  E.g.: Many schools are built(done) every year in the city.

  note: {地点状语,时间状语一般都放在句末;in the city 特指

  其中 be 的使用取决于主语的单复形式。

  A lot of修饰可数和不可数名词

  Many修饰可数名词

  Mach修饰不可数名词

  主动: They all read(原形) English every day.

  被动:English read (过去分词)by all of them every day.

  主动:Mother often scolds me.

  被动:I am often scolded by mother.

  2. 一般过去式的被动语态:

  承受者+be{was/were +done(过去分词) by+执行者 (不明确可省略)。

  E.g.: 主动:He repaired his bike yesterday.

  被动:His bike was repaired by him yesterday.

  主动:Children cleaned many streets last Sunday.

  被动:Many streets were cleaned by children last Sunday.

  3. 现在进行时的被动语态:

  承受者+be{is/am/are being(现在分词)done by+执行者 (不明确可省略)。

  E.g. 主动: He is writing his composition.

  被动:His composition is being written by him.

  Note: write/wrote/wtitten

  4. 过去进行时的被动语态:

  承受者+be{was/were} being(现在分词)done by+执行者 (不明确可省略)。

  E.g. 主动:He was majoring computer during his college.

  被动:Computer was being majored by him during his college.

  5. 将来时的被动语态:

  承受者+{be going to/will/shall(be动词原形)/be to}be done by+执行者 (不明确时可省略)。

  E.g.1 A big supermarket will/shall/be to be built here next year

  Note : be to :计划或安排好的动作或行为。

  E.g.2 The flight is to leave for Hefei city.

  6. 现在完成时的被动语态:

  承受者+have(复数主语)/has been done by+执行者 (不明确可省略)

  E.g. 主动:Our School has finished many scientific researches.

  被动:Many scientific researches have been finished by our school.

  7. 将来时态的被动语态:

  承受者+{be going to/will/shall/be to}have been done by+执行者

  E.g. 主动:We‘ ll have finished the book by the end of September.

  被动: The book will/shall have been finished by the end of September

  Note: by the end of 短语的用法

  (1) Will have done by the end of +将来时态

  (2) Had done by the end of +过去完成时态

  E.g. The project had been made by the end of last week.

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