[精华]英语必备词组———抄的不知道能用上不
2005-06-21 17:24:29 来源:中国招生考试论坛
agree vi. 同意;持相同意见I cannot agree with you on this point.在
这一点上,我不能同意你的意见。
sb agree with sb同意某人的话,意见
sth agree with sb 某物,某事适应某人 agree to sb建议 agree on sth
在某一点上取得一致意见
agree up sth在某一点上取得一致意见 agree to do sth同意干某事
break vt. 打破;损坏;破坏 We should all take a little break before
dessert.吃甜点之前我们大家应该稍微休息一下。 break down 机器坏了=go wrong
身体垮了/ 终止谈话 11 ) I had never seen a grown man break down and cry.
我从未曾看到过一个这么强壮的汉子痛哭失声。
break in闯入,插话 break off忽然停止讲话/ 断绝,结束/ 暂停工作,休
息
break out (战争等)爆发;逃出(无被动式) break through打破包围
break up驱散,学校的放学 The police had to employ force to break up
the crowd.警察不得不使用武力驱散人群。 break away from脱离,逃说,与…
…断绝来往/ 改变某种习惯
bring vt. 拿来;带来;取来 I'll bring some of my pictures into the
gallery.我就带一些我的摄影到艺廊来。 bring about =cause , result in,
lead to bring down使倒下,使下降 bring force使产生,引起
bring forward 提出建议=put forward/ 提前
bring in =get in the pops/使得到某种收入 Mr. Li : Oh … would you
kindly allow me to bring in h … would you kindly allow me to bring in
the civet durian? It is the favorite of my sister. 李先生:喔…您能允
许我带些榴莲吗?它是我姐姐最喜欢的水果。 bring back to one's mind 使回
想起
bring up sb 抚养某人 bring up sth 提出 bring up 呕吐 bring to an end
结束=come to an end
call vt.叫喊;打电话给… I'll call the roll before class. 课前我要
点名。
call on sb拜访,号召 call at访问(某人的家);(火车、船)停靠
call for需要 And there's a phone call for you , Mr. Bennett. Bennett
先生有你的电话。
call for sb 去接某人一起去做某事 call off 取消(计划,比赛)
call out(call out+to sb. )大声地叫 call up sb 打电话
call in 请进来 We'll call in a couple of days.我们两三天後打电话。
carry vt. 携带;运载;传送 Another generation to carry on the Stewart
name. 这是承继Stewart 家族香火的新一代。
carry out 进行到底,贯彻执行 4) Tomorrow , Sandra will carry out
the garbage.明天珊多拉将会收拾垃圾的。 carry out是成就、完成的惯用语,
但在此地,一看便知并非这种意思。可把它想象做从厨房把 garbage运到外面去。
carry on进行下去,坚持下去 Another generation to carry on the Stewart
name. 这是承继Stewart 家族香火的新一代。 carry away 拿走,入迷,被……
吸引 carry forward推进,发扬(精神)
carry off 抢走,夺走/ 获得奖品 carry through进行到底,完成计划 carry
sb through使……渡过难关
catch vt. 捉;抓住 vi.接住 We didn't catch anything.我们什么也没有
钓著。
catch up赶上 33. He shut himself away for a month to catch up on his
academic work.他与世隔绝一个月,力图把功课赶上去。
catch on勾住,绊倒 catch at 想抓住 A drowning man will catch at a
straw.溺水者见草也要抓;急何能择。 be caught in the rain被雨淋 catch up
with赶上某人,补上工作
clear a.清澈[ 晰] 的 vt.清除 It is said it will clear up tonight.
天气预报说今晚雨就会停。
clear up(天气)转晴,澄清事实,整理收拾 It is said it will clear
up tonight. 天气预报说今晚雨就会停。
clear away清除掉,去掉,消散 clear off消除(积雪)等障碍,把……拆
掉,擦掉,清除
come vi.到来;变得;到达 May I come in?我能进来吗?
come across 偶然发现,偶然遇到
come on 快点(口),开始,到来,举行,走吧,一起去 Oh , come on now.
噢别这样了。
come at 向……扑过来,向……袭击 7. We may come at another time.我
们可以另找个时间来。
come down 倒下,(温度,价格)下降,病倒 come forward 涌现,主动地
响应要求做某事
come in 进来,上市 And have you had an engineer come in to do an inspection?
你们可有一个工程师来做过检查吗
come from 来自于 I come from Japan. 我来自日本。 come out 出来,出
发,结果 Did Mitchell Johnson's review come out yet ? Mitchell Johnson
的评论出来了没有?
come to 苏醒,总共,达到,得到谅解 When will he come to see you ?
他什么时候来看你?
come up sb走进 come up种子生长发育,被提出 and I'll come up with something.
我会想出个办法的。
come to one's rescuers帮助
come true 实现 I know , but it's still a dream come true.我知道但
这终究是一个梦想实现了。
cut v.割,切,削减,切断 they cut patches 剪下布块
cut sth in half 把……砍成两半 cut away 切除 He cut away a dead branch.
他砍掉一根枯干的树枝。
cut through 走近路,剌穿 cut down 砍倒,减少,压缩(开支)
cut off 切断(关系,来往),中止(电话,思维) 3. He was cut off from
his fellows.他和同伴失去联系。
cut out 删掉/ 改掉(恶习),停止 in a short cut 诀窍
do v.aux. 助动词(无词意) What do you call this in English ?这个
用英语怎么说?
do with 涉及到 What are you going to do with the books?你打算拿这
些书怎么办?
do up one's hair盘起长发 do up sth包/ 捆起来 do out 打扫,收拾
do away with =get rid of废除,去掉,取消
die vi. 死亡;枯死;熄灭 I will die before I'll eat that carrot.如
果要我吃胡萝卜,我宁愿去死。
dir from因饥渴,战争,被污染的意外死亡 die off因年老,疾病而死亡
die away声音变弱,渐渐消失/ 停息,消失 die down 慢慢地熄灭(风,火)
die out 熄灭,变弱,消失,灭绝(动物)
fall vi.落下;跌倒;陷落 to fall坠下,掉下
fall a sleep去睡觉=go to sleep fall ill 病了 335. Be careful not to
fall ill. 注意不要生病了。
fall across 遇见(偶然) fall back后退,后撤 fall behind落后,跟不
上
fall in 集合/ 陷入 29. The necessary outcome of a war is a fall in
production. 战争带来的必然结果就是生产力下降。
fall into 陷入+ 名词 A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit.吃一堑,
长一智。
fall off减少,从……摔下来 to fall off a bench从长椅上掉下来 fall
on看到,落在……上面
fall short of 缺乏 fall out of放弃
get vi. 变得,成为;到达 When do you get up everyday?每天你几点起
床?
get about 到处走,消息的传开 Don't forget about the bet.别忘了打赌
的事。
get across穿过,讲清楚使人了解,领会The children began to get across
at each other.孩子们开始争吵了。 get away 逃掉,离开,摆脱 1. I hope to
get away early in the morning.我希望一早就动身离开。
get down从…下来,写下来,记下来,病了/ 使某人不安 It's time to get
down to business now. 是进入正题的时候啦。
get along with sth进展得 get along with sb相处
get in进去,进站,收进来,收帐 Yeah. Yeah. Let's get in our lines.
是啊是啊。请排好位置。
get off 离开,下车 You can take the bus and get off at the second
stop. 你可以坐公共汽车第二站下。
get on上车 157. Don't get on my nerves!(不要搅得我心烦。)
get out 拔出,传开 I need to get out more.我需要多出门去。
get over克服(困难),从病中恢复过来,不接from Yes, I know , but
he'll get over it.是的我知道过一下就会好的。 get around =spread 传开
get through 完成,通过,用完,从人群中通过,接通电话 11. It took us
only a few minutes to get through the Customs.我们的海关检查只花了几分
钟时间。
get to到达,抓住问题的要害,本质 Excuse me, how can I get to the
bus station ?对不起,汽车站怎么走? get together 聚会,联欢 92. Let's
get together one of these days. (找一天聚聚。)
get in a word 策划 get into trouble 陷入 get rid off摆脱,去掉
give vt.给出,赋予,发生 If you have more , please give me some.
如果你有多的,请给我。
give away 分发,赠送,颁发,背叛,出卖,暴露 give in屈服
give off放出(气体,光) 15 ) Those flowers look pretty but don't
give off a nice smell.这些花看似漂亮,但是气味并不好。
give out使人筋疲力尽 7) Some restaurants give out an odor that reaches
to the street.一些餐厅里面的气味飘到了街上。 odor 是指比 scent更浓更清
楚的味道。
give up 放弃,停止做某事 455. He resolved to give up smoking. 他决
心戒烟。
give over 让位于=give way to被取代 give away to 被取代 give rise to
引起,导致From mutual understanding , a comfortable situation has been
creation. 由于彼此的了解,因而建立了愉快的关系。create除了“创造”以外,
还有“give rise to, cause”的意思。
go vi.离开;移动;运行 I have to go now.我必须走了。
go bad变坏;变酸;腐败 go red 变红 go hungry挨饿 go wrong 出错;发
生故障
go about随便走/ 进行 33. Could you please inform me how to go about
contacting a lawyer ?请您告诉我怎样去联络律师?
go after追赶 go ahead 说吧,走吧,做吧(口语),走在前面 Good.now
we can go ahead and write up the order. 好极了,现在我们可以准备下单了。
go at 从事于
go beyond 超出 It can go beyond the school system , Ellen. 这可以
推广到学校体制以外 Ellen.
go by =pass 经过,过去 76. He let a week go by before answering the
letter. 他一周以后才回信。
go down 下降 I'll go down to Henry's grocery. He's always open. 我
到亨利杂货店去。那里总是开门营业的 go into进入 Yes, you're right. After
all , she is smart enough to go into business. 是啊,你说的对。毕竟,
她完全有经商才智。 go off 消失,腐败,坏的
go out(火)熄灭,过时了,罢工 Why not go out for a walk?干吗不出
去散步?
go over 复习,检查 to go over to the construction site with me?去
看一看建筑工地吗
go through审阅/ 经历了(痛苦,困难),完成 Would you like to go through
our factory some time ?什么时候来看看我们的工厂吧?
go up 提高,上涨(价格) I can go up to the lodge for some hot dogs
and drinks. 我可以到那边小屋去弄些热狗和饮料来。rise up 起来反抗 He that
lies down (sleeps) with dogs must rise up with fleas. 与恶人交终会变
恶;近朱者赤,近墨者黑。
go around 分配,传播,传开 OK , let's go around the table. 好让我
们顺著桌子来。
go all out to do sth全力以赴去做某事
go back to追溯到… I'll work for 5 years and then go back to school.
我会工作五年,然后会学校。
go with 相配=match=go along with They had excepted me to go with them.
他们原本希望我和他们一起去。 go well with 协调 Salesgirl: Sure. We have
both skirts and trousers that would go well with the sweater. Look to
this section. 女店员:当然。我们有裙子和长裤都可以配那件毛衣。看看这边。
go too far太过分了,走太远了
hold vt.怀有,持有(见解等) No , the restaurant will hold our table.
不会餐厅会保留我们的席位。
hold up 主持,耽搁,延误,继续下去,拿起
hold back 阻挡,忍住,保留,隐瞒 hold down控制,镇压=put down
hold off延误,保持距离,使" 疏远"
hold on 坚持下去,停止,别挂(电话) He gave them to me to hold on
to them 他给我戒指要我自己保管
hold out坚持到胜利,支持,维持,伸出 hold to坚持某个看法(路线),
紧紧地抓住 OK , hold to the right. 好在右边停住。
hunt vt.追猎;追赶 vi.打猎 He that will have a hare to breakfast must
hunt overnight. 早餐想吃野兔肉,头晚就须去捕捉。 hunt for 寻找 hunt out
找出来 hunt throw 翻找
keep vt.保存,保持;留住 We keep in touch with each other by Email
since he left China.他离开中国以后,我们用Email 保持联系。
keep to 坚持某种习惯,遵循,靠(左右) 8. In England traffic must
keep to the left. 在英国,车辆必须靠左行驶。 keep back留在后面,阻止,
忍住 keep down控制,下降,缩减开支
keep off避开,远离,让开 keep out 使其等在外面,不让进入
keep up 保持,维持,鼓足勇气 keep sb from doing 阻止某人做某事
keep sth from sb把某事瞒着某人 keep up with 跟上
knock vi.&vt.&n.敲,击,打 174. Why don't you knock it off?为什么
不把它关掉?
knock into sb 撞到某人身上;偶然遇到 knock sth down 降低价格,拆除,
缩减开支
knock off 下班,停工,很快地写出文章 knock sb up匆匆做饭,敲门把某
人叫醒,使某人疲倦
knock at敲(门) 6.Yhere was a knock at the door. It was the second
time someone had interrupted me that evening. (有人敲门,那是那天晚上
打扰我的第二个。) knock sb up把某人叫醒
know vt.知道;认识;通晓 Do you know where I've put my glasses?你
知道我把眼镜搁哪儿了吗?
know about了解,知道情况 How much do you know about the works of George
Eliot ?乔治。艾略特的作品你知道多少? know of听说,知道为什么 be know
for sth 以……出名 as known to all众所周知
lay vt. 放,安排,铺设,覆盖 and lay them face down.将牌盖住。
lay aside 放在…一边,积蓄 lay down 放下,制定计划 lay emphasis on
sth 强调
lay down one's life for 为……献出生命 lay out布置;设计 lay off解
雇
leave v.离开,留下
leave alone 不要管(某人),不要碰(某物)
leave behind遗留,遗志 leave off(使)停止;中断
leave out 删掉,漏掉 leave over 剩下的,暂时不去解决的
lay in积蓄,储蓄 36. We have to play inside because it is raining.
因为天下雨,我们不得不在屋里玩。
let vt. 容许,使得,假设 Rose , let me introduce my friend to you.
罗斯,让我介绍一下我的朋友。
let alone 不要管,不碰,更不用说 let down 放下(窗帘),失望
let off 燃放鞭炮,放掉蒸汽,放过某人 let out放掉气,发出响声,泄露
look v. 看,期待 n. 外观,神色 Yes, but you look as pretty now ,
as you did then.但你看起来还是那么漂亮。 look after 照料 61. It's very
noble of you to look after my old grandmother when I was out for business.
你心地真好,在我出差期间照顾我年迈的外婆。
look at 看 May I have a look at the watch ?我能看看这块表吗? look
back回顾
look in 顺便来访=drop in I don't know. You may look in the TV Guide.
我不知道,你可以看看《电视报》。 look into sth调查,了解某事,浏览(书
报) look on as 把……看作…… look out 小心,当心,向外看
look around 到处看 Well …… you mind if I look around嗯……你们不
介意我到处瞧瞧
look over 审阅,翻阅 Yes, so we had better look over your specifications.
是的,所以我们最好先把您的规格说明细看一遍。look through浏览,仔细地检
查 look to负责,留意 The more women look in their glass ,the less they
look to their house.妇女照镜越多,照管家务就越少。
look up (从词典中)找出,天气转变,物价上涨,仰视 to look up 仰视
look up to sb 尊敬某人
look down on sb 轻视某人 look down upon sb轻视某人
look forward期待 I look forward to seeing you and Harry and Michelle.
我等著见 Harry和Michelle.
make n. (产品)来源 vt.制造 It's really hard to make a decision.
挺难做决定的。
make for有助于,向…走过去 make out 辩认出,理解,开(写)支票,假
装
make up 构成 I am old enough to make up my own mind.我已经长大了,
可以自己拿主意了。
make up for 补偿 make up of 由……组成 make phone of嘲笑,和某人开
玩笑
make the best of充分利用 make certain 弄清楚
make up one's mind决定,下决心 make up one's minds决心,下决心
make tea泡茶 801. She intends to make teaching her profession.她想
以教书为职业。
make coffee 冲咖啡 make off 逃跑,匆匆离开
open a. 开的;开放的 vt.开 Does the shop open at 9 am on weekdays ?
这家店平日是早上9 点开门吗?
open to the public向公众开放The town gardens are open to the public
from sunrise to the sunset daily. 市立公园每天从早到晚对公众开放。
open traffic通车 open into门打开后通向 open to道路通向 The road bridge
is now open to traffic. 这座公路桥现在开放通行。 open up开垦 open fire
on sb.向某人开火 open out 打开,转开
pass v. 通过 n. 经过;通行证 Even if you take the exam again, you
won't pass it.就算再考一次你也通不过。 pass away消磨(时间) to pass away
去世,死(委婉的说法)
pass by 从某人身边经过,过去 304. Don't let chances pass by.不要让
机遇从我们身边溜走。
pass off消失,顺利地进行 pass for 冒充,假扮 pass on传下去
pass through经历 We don't like them to pass through here. 我们不希
望汽车通过这里。
pick n. 风镐;牙签 v. 凿;摘;挑选I pick up my sister from her school.
我到学校接妹妹。
pick out挑选,认出(某人),领会
pick up 捡起来,中途把某人装上车,恢复健康 I pick up my sister from
her school. 我到学校接妹妹。
pull v. 拖,拔,扯 n. 牵引 to pull a trailer拖汽车房屋(电影中经常
见到)
pull down 拆掉,推掉,使身体虚弱,使价格降低 pull off 脱衣帽 pull
off a plan实现计划
pull out拔出,离开,度过难关,恢复健康 to pull out of the garage从
车库开车出来
pull throw渡过难关,使从病中恢复过来 pull up车子停下,拔起(树、草)
put v.放;移动;使穿过;写 Do you know where I've put my glasses?
你知道我把眼镜搁哪儿了吗?
put away放下,收起来,把…放在原位 595. He has a nice sum of money
put away. 他存了一大笔钱。
put aside 把放在……留出(时间),备用
put back放在原处,推迟,延期 52. When the others had gone , Mary
remained and put back the furniture.当其他人走了之后,玛丽留下来,将家
具放回原处。
put down镇压,写下来 He put down his glass. 他放下杯子。 put forward
提出,提前,提供
put in提交,申请(+for) All is not gain that is put in the purse.
装进钱包里的不一定都是正当的收入。
put off 推迟,延期,打消,关上 71. Never put off till tomorrow what
you can do today. 今日事今日毕。
put on穿上,上演 put on a bit of makeup.我化一点妆。 put through接
通电话
put out 扑灭,关灯,生产,出版 Far water does not put out near fire.
远水救不了近火。
put up张贴,留某人过夜,建造 if we can put up some collateral.如果
我们能提供担保物的话
put into production 把……投入生产 put into use 投入使用 put one's
heart into全心全意投入
run v.(使)跑 n. 赛跑;路线 He can run as fast as Jim. 他跑的和吉
姆一样快。
run across穿过(跪道),偶然遇到 run after追赶 to run after the gentleman
追求绅士
run away逃走,失去控制 to run away from his sister从他姐姐那儿逃走
(发生了什么事情?)
run down身体虚弱,电用完了 run into sb碰到某人
run for 竞选 Why shouldn't you run for what , Mom?为什么不该竞选
什么妈妈
run out 用完 Well , I suppose I've run out of excuses. 噢我想我再
也找不出籍口了。
run over匆匆浏览 run through穿过,匆匆看一下,做完 Let's just run
through the arguments for and against.我们来看一下赞成和反对的理由。
run a risk of =at the risk of 冒……险 run a fever发烧 run short of
缺乏
see vt. 看见;遇见;看出 Hello. Can I see Mr. Green ?你好,我能见
格林先生吗?
see sb off为某人送行,解雇 see into sth 调查,了解某事
see about 负责处理 5. I'll have to see about that.这事儿我得想一想
再定。
see through 看穿某人 see sth through进行到底 see to get that务必要
send vt. vi.送,寄发;派遣 To make it fast, you can send a fax.要
想快点的话就发个传真。
send for派某人去请,去叫某人 send off 发出,寄出
send sb off =see sb. off为某人送行,解雇 send out 发出,发射 send
in交上去,递送
send on 转交 I can send one for you to try. 我们可以寄个给你试用。
set vi. (日,月)落,vt. 放 We are going upstairs to set up Grandpa's
room. 我们要上楼收拾一下爷爷的房间。 set about sth着手做某事 set about
doing sth 着手做某事 set out出发,开始做某事,陈述 24. After several delays,
he finally set out at 8 o'clock.几经耽搁,他终于在八点钟出发了。
set apart 分离,流出 set aside流出,宣布…无效 In that case ,I'll
have some set aside for you.既然这么说,我会为你留一些下来。 set down
放下,写下 set off出发
set up建立 We are going upstairs to set up Grandpa's room.我们要上
楼收拾一下爷爷的房间。
set fire to 放火烧 set an example for 为某人树立榜样
start vi. 跳起;出发;开始 What time do you start work?你什么时候
开始工作?
start from从……开始 start with 就此开始 to schedule one hour a week
——to start with.安排一星期一个小时。 start in 开始 start after sb.追
赶上某人 start off动身出发 start out着手进行
start up开工,突然站起来 at the very start一开始
take vt.耗费(时间);需要 I used to take a walk in the early morning.
我过去常一大早出去散步。
take away 拿走,离开 20. I want to take away the book which you showed
me yesterday. 我想带走你昨天给我看的那本书。 take back拿回来 take back
one's words 收回(刚讲的话)
take A for B把A 误认为是B take in sth 接受 take in sb 欺骗
take off起飞,取消 Before gold,even kings take off their hats. 在
黄金面前,国王也要脱帽。
take on 呈现,承担 The U.S. will take one route , the Japan take
other.美国和日本采取不同的新路径。
take on sb雇用 take up占据(时间,地方),从事于
take pride in =be proud of引以为豪 take turn轮流 take in turn 依次
take pains to do努力做某事 take a chance碰运气
take a lead 带头 take effect生效 take charge of 负责 take one's leave
告辞
think v.思考;认为;想起 Yes, I think so.是的,我认为是。
think about 考虑,关心 What do you think about it ?你对此怎么看?
think of想起,记得,觉得怎样 What do you think of their skill ?你
觉得他们演奏技术如何?
think of as 把……当作…… think over 仔细考虑 think out想出,解决
了,想清楚
think back to 回想过去 think well of高度评价 think highly of高度评
价
throw v.投射;摔倒 n. 投掷 to throw a plane 抛(纸)飞机
throw about 到处扔 throw away 扔掉,浪费(金钱),失去(机会)
throw back扔回来,阻止,进攻 throw down 扔下来,推翻 within a stones
throw off 靠……很近
throw in扔,扔进 throw into 扔,扔进 throw in a word or two 插一两
句话
throw off 匆忙地脱掉,摆脱,扔掉 throw off one's airs 放下某人的架
子 throw on 匆忙穿上
throw out 赶走 Don't throw out the baby with the bath water.切勿良
莠不分一起抛。
throw light on提供线索,有助理解某事 throw one's self into投入 throw
cold water泼冷水
turn v. 转向,旋转 n. 轮流 Open your books and turn to page 20. 打
开书,翻到第20页。
turn back 翻回到+to turn down 拒绝,音量调低
turn up 音量调高,出席 L: You can fill in this lost property report,
and I'll keep my eye out for it. Those kinds of things usually turn up
eventually, but I suggest you contact your embassy and tell them about
your situation, so they can issue you a new passport in case it doesn't
show up.管理员:你来填这张遗失报告表,我会替你留意的。像这样的东西,最
后总是会出现的。但我建议你跟你们的大使馆联系并把你的情形告诉他们。万一
你的护照找不到的话,他们会给你补发新护照的。
turn in 上交 Please turn in your paper before leaving.请在离开前将
论文交上。
turn oneself in 自首 turn into把……变成……,把……翻译成……
turn out结果是,制造出,生产出,培养出,关(煤气) 50. How did the
game turn out ?球赛结果如何?
turn over 移交,把……打翻 turn to转向,求助于,翻到第几页 Open your
books and turn to page 20.打开书,翻到第20页。
turn to sb for help 求助于 turn against 背叛 turn by one's轮流,交
替
in one's turn 轮到某人做某事 it is one's turn to do sth 轮到某人做
某事
wear v. 穿,戴,磨损,耐久 What will you wear for the party ?晚会
上你穿什么?
wear sb out 使某人精疲力尽 wear sth out 使某物被穿破
wear off慢慢地消失掉,褪掉 wear away磨掉,(时间)消逝 wear on(时
间)消逝
work vi.(机器等)运转;活动 I'll work for the next 5 days. 我要工
作5 天(从明天算起)
work on 从事于某项工作 I'll work on my computer.我要练电脑。 work
on a problem从事于某项工作
work out算出(总数)to work out a sum 算出总数带来好结果;有预期的
结果Things will work themselves out.事情会有好结果的。运动;锻炼to work
out daily with sparring partner 每天和拳击陪练员练习 I could work out
in your class with no problem.如果我去你的班上做运动一定不会觉得有问题。
(矿山)开采完,采尽
work at 在做…… I start work at 8 o'clock. 我八点开始工作。 work
in with 配合 work up准备
work in 编进去 Yes. I'm a designer, and I work in a boutique.是的
我是位设计师我在一家服装店工作。
这一点上,我不能同意你的意见。
sb agree with sb同意某人的话,意见
sth agree with sb 某物,某事适应某人 agree to sb建议 agree on sth
在某一点上取得一致意见
agree up sth在某一点上取得一致意见 agree to do sth同意干某事
break vt. 打破;损坏;破坏 We should all take a little break before
dessert.吃甜点之前我们大家应该稍微休息一下。 break down 机器坏了=go wrong
身体垮了/ 终止谈话 11 ) I had never seen a grown man break down and cry.
我从未曾看到过一个这么强壮的汉子痛哭失声。
break in闯入,插话 break off忽然停止讲话/ 断绝,结束/ 暂停工作,休
息
break out (战争等)爆发;逃出(无被动式) break through打破包围
break up驱散,学校的放学 The police had to employ force to break up
the crowd.警察不得不使用武力驱散人群。 break away from脱离,逃说,与…
…断绝来往/ 改变某种习惯
bring vt. 拿来;带来;取来 I'll bring some of my pictures into the
gallery.我就带一些我的摄影到艺廊来。 bring about =cause , result in,
lead to bring down使倒下,使下降 bring force使产生,引起
bring forward 提出建议=put forward/ 提前
bring in =get in the pops/使得到某种收入 Mr. Li : Oh … would you
kindly allow me to bring in h … would you kindly allow me to bring in
the civet durian? It is the favorite of my sister. 李先生:喔…您能允
许我带些榴莲吗?它是我姐姐最喜欢的水果。 bring back to one's mind 使回
想起
bring up sb 抚养某人 bring up sth 提出 bring up 呕吐 bring to an end
结束=come to an end
call vt.叫喊;打电话给… I'll call the roll before class. 课前我要
点名。
call on sb拜访,号召 call at访问(某人的家);(火车、船)停靠
call for需要 And there's a phone call for you , Mr. Bennett. Bennett
先生有你的电话。
call for sb 去接某人一起去做某事 call off 取消(计划,比赛)
call out(call out+to sb. )大声地叫 call up sb 打电话
call in 请进来 We'll call in a couple of days.我们两三天後打电话。
carry vt. 携带;运载;传送 Another generation to carry on the Stewart
name. 这是承继Stewart 家族香火的新一代。
carry out 进行到底,贯彻执行 4) Tomorrow , Sandra will carry out
the garbage.明天珊多拉将会收拾垃圾的。 carry out是成就、完成的惯用语,
但在此地,一看便知并非这种意思。可把它想象做从厨房把 garbage运到外面去。
carry on进行下去,坚持下去 Another generation to carry on the Stewart
name. 这是承继Stewart 家族香火的新一代。 carry away 拿走,入迷,被……
吸引 carry forward推进,发扬(精神)
carry off 抢走,夺走/ 获得奖品 carry through进行到底,完成计划 carry
sb through使……渡过难关
catch vt. 捉;抓住 vi.接住 We didn't catch anything.我们什么也没有
钓著。
catch up赶上 33. He shut himself away for a month to catch up on his
academic work.他与世隔绝一个月,力图把功课赶上去。
catch on勾住,绊倒 catch at 想抓住 A drowning man will catch at a
straw.溺水者见草也要抓;急何能择。 be caught in the rain被雨淋 catch up
with赶上某人,补上工作
clear a.清澈[ 晰] 的 vt.清除 It is said it will clear up tonight.
天气预报说今晚雨就会停。
clear up(天气)转晴,澄清事实,整理收拾 It is said it will clear
up tonight. 天气预报说今晚雨就会停。
clear away清除掉,去掉,消散 clear off消除(积雪)等障碍,把……拆
掉,擦掉,清除
come vi.到来;变得;到达 May I come in?我能进来吗?
come across 偶然发现,偶然遇到
come on 快点(口),开始,到来,举行,走吧,一起去 Oh , come on now.
噢别这样了。
come at 向……扑过来,向……袭击 7. We may come at another time.我
们可以另找个时间来。
come down 倒下,(温度,价格)下降,病倒 come forward 涌现,主动地
响应要求做某事
come in 进来,上市 And have you had an engineer come in to do an inspection?
你们可有一个工程师来做过检查吗
come from 来自于 I come from Japan. 我来自日本。 come out 出来,出
发,结果 Did Mitchell Johnson's review come out yet ? Mitchell Johnson
的评论出来了没有?
come to 苏醒,总共,达到,得到谅解 When will he come to see you ?
他什么时候来看你?
come up sb走进 come up种子生长发育,被提出 and I'll come up with something.
我会想出个办法的。
come to one's rescuers帮助
come true 实现 I know , but it's still a dream come true.我知道但
这终究是一个梦想实现了。
cut v.割,切,削减,切断 they cut patches 剪下布块
cut sth in half 把……砍成两半 cut away 切除 He cut away a dead branch.
他砍掉一根枯干的树枝。
cut through 走近路,剌穿 cut down 砍倒,减少,压缩(开支)
cut off 切断(关系,来往),中止(电话,思维) 3. He was cut off from
his fellows.他和同伴失去联系。
cut out 删掉/ 改掉(恶习),停止 in a short cut 诀窍
do v.aux. 助动词(无词意) What do you call this in English ?这个
用英语怎么说?
do with 涉及到 What are you going to do with the books?你打算拿这
些书怎么办?
do up one's hair盘起长发 do up sth包/ 捆起来 do out 打扫,收拾
do away with =get rid of废除,去掉,取消
die vi. 死亡;枯死;熄灭 I will die before I'll eat that carrot.如
果要我吃胡萝卜,我宁愿去死。
dir from因饥渴,战争,被污染的意外死亡 die off因年老,疾病而死亡
die away声音变弱,渐渐消失/ 停息,消失 die down 慢慢地熄灭(风,火)
die out 熄灭,变弱,消失,灭绝(动物)
fall vi.落下;跌倒;陷落 to fall坠下,掉下
fall a sleep去睡觉=go to sleep fall ill 病了 335. Be careful not to
fall ill. 注意不要生病了。
fall across 遇见(偶然) fall back后退,后撤 fall behind落后,跟不
上
fall in 集合/ 陷入 29. The necessary outcome of a war is a fall in
production. 战争带来的必然结果就是生产力下降。
fall into 陷入+ 名词 A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit.吃一堑,
长一智。
fall off减少,从……摔下来 to fall off a bench从长椅上掉下来 fall
on看到,落在……上面
fall short of 缺乏 fall out of放弃
get vi. 变得,成为;到达 When do you get up everyday?每天你几点起
床?
get about 到处走,消息的传开 Don't forget about the bet.别忘了打赌
的事。
get across穿过,讲清楚使人了解,领会The children began to get across
at each other.孩子们开始争吵了。 get away 逃掉,离开,摆脱 1. I hope to
get away early in the morning.我希望一早就动身离开。
get down从…下来,写下来,记下来,病了/ 使某人不安 It's time to get
down to business now. 是进入正题的时候啦。
get along with sth进展得 get along with sb相处
get in进去,进站,收进来,收帐 Yeah. Yeah. Let's get in our lines.
是啊是啊。请排好位置。
get off 离开,下车 You can take the bus and get off at the second
stop. 你可以坐公共汽车第二站下。
get on上车 157. Don't get on my nerves!(不要搅得我心烦。)
get out 拔出,传开 I need to get out more.我需要多出门去。
get over克服(困难),从病中恢复过来,不接from Yes, I know , but
he'll get over it.是的我知道过一下就会好的。 get around =spread 传开
get through 完成,通过,用完,从人群中通过,接通电话 11. It took us
only a few minutes to get through the Customs.我们的海关检查只花了几分
钟时间。
get to到达,抓住问题的要害,本质 Excuse me, how can I get to the
bus station ?对不起,汽车站怎么走? get together 聚会,联欢 92. Let's
get together one of these days. (找一天聚聚。)
get in a word 策划 get into trouble 陷入 get rid off摆脱,去掉
give vt.给出,赋予,发生 If you have more , please give me some.
如果你有多的,请给我。
give away 分发,赠送,颁发,背叛,出卖,暴露 give in屈服
give off放出(气体,光) 15 ) Those flowers look pretty but don't
give off a nice smell.这些花看似漂亮,但是气味并不好。
give out使人筋疲力尽 7) Some restaurants give out an odor that reaches
to the street.一些餐厅里面的气味飘到了街上。 odor 是指比 scent更浓更清
楚的味道。
give up 放弃,停止做某事 455. He resolved to give up smoking. 他决
心戒烟。
give over 让位于=give way to被取代 give away to 被取代 give rise to
引起,导致From mutual understanding , a comfortable situation has been
creation. 由于彼此的了解,因而建立了愉快的关系。create除了“创造”以外,
还有“give rise to, cause”的意思。
go vi.离开;移动;运行 I have to go now.我必须走了。
go bad变坏;变酸;腐败 go red 变红 go hungry挨饿 go wrong 出错;发
生故障
go about随便走/ 进行 33. Could you please inform me how to go about
contacting a lawyer ?请您告诉我怎样去联络律师?
go after追赶 go ahead 说吧,走吧,做吧(口语),走在前面 Good.now
we can go ahead and write up the order. 好极了,现在我们可以准备下单了。
go at 从事于
go beyond 超出 It can go beyond the school system , Ellen. 这可以
推广到学校体制以外 Ellen.
go by =pass 经过,过去 76. He let a week go by before answering the
letter. 他一周以后才回信。
go down 下降 I'll go down to Henry's grocery. He's always open. 我
到亨利杂货店去。那里总是开门营业的 go into进入 Yes, you're right. After
all , she is smart enough to go into business. 是啊,你说的对。毕竟,
她完全有经商才智。 go off 消失,腐败,坏的
go out(火)熄灭,过时了,罢工 Why not go out for a walk?干吗不出
去散步?
go over 复习,检查 to go over to the construction site with me?去
看一看建筑工地吗
go through审阅/ 经历了(痛苦,困难),完成 Would you like to go through
our factory some time ?什么时候来看看我们的工厂吧?
go up 提高,上涨(价格) I can go up to the lodge for some hot dogs
and drinks. 我可以到那边小屋去弄些热狗和饮料来。rise up 起来反抗 He that
lies down (sleeps) with dogs must rise up with fleas. 与恶人交终会变
恶;近朱者赤,近墨者黑。
go around 分配,传播,传开 OK , let's go around the table. 好让我
们顺著桌子来。
go all out to do sth全力以赴去做某事
go back to追溯到… I'll work for 5 years and then go back to school.
我会工作五年,然后会学校。
go with 相配=match=go along with They had excepted me to go with them.
他们原本希望我和他们一起去。 go well with 协调 Salesgirl: Sure. We have
both skirts and trousers that would go well with the sweater. Look to
this section. 女店员:当然。我们有裙子和长裤都可以配那件毛衣。看看这边。
go too far太过分了,走太远了
hold vt.怀有,持有(见解等) No , the restaurant will hold our table.
不会餐厅会保留我们的席位。
hold up 主持,耽搁,延误,继续下去,拿起
hold back 阻挡,忍住,保留,隐瞒 hold down控制,镇压=put down
hold off延误,保持距离,使" 疏远"
hold on 坚持下去,停止,别挂(电话) He gave them to me to hold on
to them 他给我戒指要我自己保管
hold out坚持到胜利,支持,维持,伸出 hold to坚持某个看法(路线),
紧紧地抓住 OK , hold to the right. 好在右边停住。
hunt vt.追猎;追赶 vi.打猎 He that will have a hare to breakfast must
hunt overnight. 早餐想吃野兔肉,头晚就须去捕捉。 hunt for 寻找 hunt out
找出来 hunt throw 翻找
keep vt.保存,保持;留住 We keep in touch with each other by Email
since he left China.他离开中国以后,我们用Email 保持联系。
keep to 坚持某种习惯,遵循,靠(左右) 8. In England traffic must
keep to the left. 在英国,车辆必须靠左行驶。 keep back留在后面,阻止,
忍住 keep down控制,下降,缩减开支
keep off避开,远离,让开 keep out 使其等在外面,不让进入
keep up 保持,维持,鼓足勇气 keep sb from doing 阻止某人做某事
keep sth from sb把某事瞒着某人 keep up with 跟上
knock vi.&vt.&n.敲,击,打 174. Why don't you knock it off?为什么
不把它关掉?
knock into sb 撞到某人身上;偶然遇到 knock sth down 降低价格,拆除,
缩减开支
knock off 下班,停工,很快地写出文章 knock sb up匆匆做饭,敲门把某
人叫醒,使某人疲倦
knock at敲(门) 6.Yhere was a knock at the door. It was the second
time someone had interrupted me that evening. (有人敲门,那是那天晚上
打扰我的第二个。) knock sb up把某人叫醒
know vt.知道;认识;通晓 Do you know where I've put my glasses?你
知道我把眼镜搁哪儿了吗?
know about了解,知道情况 How much do you know about the works of George
Eliot ?乔治。艾略特的作品你知道多少? know of听说,知道为什么 be know
for sth 以……出名 as known to all众所周知
lay vt. 放,安排,铺设,覆盖 and lay them face down.将牌盖住。
lay aside 放在…一边,积蓄 lay down 放下,制定计划 lay emphasis on
sth 强调
lay down one's life for 为……献出生命 lay out布置;设计 lay off解
雇
leave v.离开,留下
leave alone 不要管(某人),不要碰(某物)
leave behind遗留,遗志 leave off(使)停止;中断
leave out 删掉,漏掉 leave over 剩下的,暂时不去解决的
lay in积蓄,储蓄 36. We have to play inside because it is raining.
因为天下雨,我们不得不在屋里玩。
let vt. 容许,使得,假设 Rose , let me introduce my friend to you.
罗斯,让我介绍一下我的朋友。
let alone 不要管,不碰,更不用说 let down 放下(窗帘),失望
let off 燃放鞭炮,放掉蒸汽,放过某人 let out放掉气,发出响声,泄露
look v. 看,期待 n. 外观,神色 Yes, but you look as pretty now ,
as you did then.但你看起来还是那么漂亮。 look after 照料 61. It's very
noble of you to look after my old grandmother when I was out for business.
你心地真好,在我出差期间照顾我年迈的外婆。
look at 看 May I have a look at the watch ?我能看看这块表吗? look
back回顾
look in 顺便来访=drop in I don't know. You may look in the TV Guide.
我不知道,你可以看看《电视报》。 look into sth调查,了解某事,浏览(书
报) look on as 把……看作…… look out 小心,当心,向外看
look around 到处看 Well …… you mind if I look around嗯……你们不
介意我到处瞧瞧
look over 审阅,翻阅 Yes, so we had better look over your specifications.
是的,所以我们最好先把您的规格说明细看一遍。look through浏览,仔细地检
查 look to负责,留意 The more women look in their glass ,the less they
look to their house.妇女照镜越多,照管家务就越少。
look up (从词典中)找出,天气转变,物价上涨,仰视 to look up 仰视
look up to sb 尊敬某人
look down on sb 轻视某人 look down upon sb轻视某人
look forward期待 I look forward to seeing you and Harry and Michelle.
我等著见 Harry和Michelle.
make n. (产品)来源 vt.制造 It's really hard to make a decision.
挺难做决定的。
make for有助于,向…走过去 make out 辩认出,理解,开(写)支票,假
装
make up 构成 I am old enough to make up my own mind.我已经长大了,
可以自己拿主意了。
make up for 补偿 make up of 由……组成 make phone of嘲笑,和某人开
玩笑
make the best of充分利用 make certain 弄清楚
make up one's mind决定,下决心 make up one's minds决心,下决心
make tea泡茶 801. She intends to make teaching her profession.她想
以教书为职业。
make coffee 冲咖啡 make off 逃跑,匆匆离开
open a. 开的;开放的 vt.开 Does the shop open at 9 am on weekdays ?
这家店平日是早上9 点开门吗?
open to the public向公众开放The town gardens are open to the public
from sunrise to the sunset daily. 市立公园每天从早到晚对公众开放。
open traffic通车 open into门打开后通向 open to道路通向 The road bridge
is now open to traffic. 这座公路桥现在开放通行。 open up开垦 open fire
on sb.向某人开火 open out 打开,转开
pass v. 通过 n. 经过;通行证 Even if you take the exam again, you
won't pass it.就算再考一次你也通不过。 pass away消磨(时间) to pass away
去世,死(委婉的说法)
pass by 从某人身边经过,过去 304. Don't let chances pass by.不要让
机遇从我们身边溜走。
pass off消失,顺利地进行 pass for 冒充,假扮 pass on传下去
pass through经历 We don't like them to pass through here. 我们不希
望汽车通过这里。
pick n. 风镐;牙签 v. 凿;摘;挑选I pick up my sister from her school.
我到学校接妹妹。
pick out挑选,认出(某人),领会
pick up 捡起来,中途把某人装上车,恢复健康 I pick up my sister from
her school. 我到学校接妹妹。
pull v. 拖,拔,扯 n. 牵引 to pull a trailer拖汽车房屋(电影中经常
见到)
pull down 拆掉,推掉,使身体虚弱,使价格降低 pull off 脱衣帽 pull
off a plan实现计划
pull out拔出,离开,度过难关,恢复健康 to pull out of the garage从
车库开车出来
pull throw渡过难关,使从病中恢复过来 pull up车子停下,拔起(树、草)
put v.放;移动;使穿过;写 Do you know where I've put my glasses?
你知道我把眼镜搁哪儿了吗?
put away放下,收起来,把…放在原位 595. He has a nice sum of money
put away. 他存了一大笔钱。
put aside 把放在……留出(时间),备用
put back放在原处,推迟,延期 52. When the others had gone , Mary
remained and put back the furniture.当其他人走了之后,玛丽留下来,将家
具放回原处。
put down镇压,写下来 He put down his glass. 他放下杯子。 put forward
提出,提前,提供
put in提交,申请(+for) All is not gain that is put in the purse.
装进钱包里的不一定都是正当的收入。
put off 推迟,延期,打消,关上 71. Never put off till tomorrow what
you can do today. 今日事今日毕。
put on穿上,上演 put on a bit of makeup.我化一点妆。 put through接
通电话
put out 扑灭,关灯,生产,出版 Far water does not put out near fire.
远水救不了近火。
put up张贴,留某人过夜,建造 if we can put up some collateral.如果
我们能提供担保物的话
put into production 把……投入生产 put into use 投入使用 put one's
heart into全心全意投入
run v.(使)跑 n. 赛跑;路线 He can run as fast as Jim. 他跑的和吉
姆一样快。
run across穿过(跪道),偶然遇到 run after追赶 to run after the gentleman
追求绅士
run away逃走,失去控制 to run away from his sister从他姐姐那儿逃走
(发生了什么事情?)
run down身体虚弱,电用完了 run into sb碰到某人
run for 竞选 Why shouldn't you run for what , Mom?为什么不该竞选
什么妈妈
run out 用完 Well , I suppose I've run out of excuses. 噢我想我再
也找不出籍口了。
run over匆匆浏览 run through穿过,匆匆看一下,做完 Let's just run
through the arguments for and against.我们来看一下赞成和反对的理由。
run a risk of =at the risk of 冒……险 run a fever发烧 run short of
缺乏
see vt. 看见;遇见;看出 Hello. Can I see Mr. Green ?你好,我能见
格林先生吗?
see sb off为某人送行,解雇 see into sth 调查,了解某事
see about 负责处理 5. I'll have to see about that.这事儿我得想一想
再定。
see through 看穿某人 see sth through进行到底 see to get that务必要
send vt. vi.送,寄发;派遣 To make it fast, you can send a fax.要
想快点的话就发个传真。
send for派某人去请,去叫某人 send off 发出,寄出
send sb off =see sb. off为某人送行,解雇 send out 发出,发射 send
in交上去,递送
send on 转交 I can send one for you to try. 我们可以寄个给你试用。
set vi. (日,月)落,vt. 放 We are going upstairs to set up Grandpa's
room. 我们要上楼收拾一下爷爷的房间。 set about sth着手做某事 set about
doing sth 着手做某事 set out出发,开始做某事,陈述 24. After several delays,
he finally set out at 8 o'clock.几经耽搁,他终于在八点钟出发了。
set apart 分离,流出 set aside流出,宣布…无效 In that case ,I'll
have some set aside for you.既然这么说,我会为你留一些下来。 set down
放下,写下 set off出发
set up建立 We are going upstairs to set up Grandpa's room.我们要上
楼收拾一下爷爷的房间。
set fire to 放火烧 set an example for 为某人树立榜样
start vi. 跳起;出发;开始 What time do you start work?你什么时候
开始工作?
start from从……开始 start with 就此开始 to schedule one hour a week
——to start with.安排一星期一个小时。 start in 开始 start after sb.追
赶上某人 start off动身出发 start out着手进行
start up开工,突然站起来 at the very start一开始
take vt.耗费(时间);需要 I used to take a walk in the early morning.
我过去常一大早出去散步。
take away 拿走,离开 20. I want to take away the book which you showed
me yesterday. 我想带走你昨天给我看的那本书。 take back拿回来 take back
one's words 收回(刚讲的话)
take A for B把A 误认为是B take in sth 接受 take in sb 欺骗
take off起飞,取消 Before gold,even kings take off their hats. 在
黄金面前,国王也要脱帽。
take on 呈现,承担 The U.S. will take one route , the Japan take
other.美国和日本采取不同的新路径。
take on sb雇用 take up占据(时间,地方),从事于
take pride in =be proud of引以为豪 take turn轮流 take in turn 依次
take pains to do努力做某事 take a chance碰运气
take a lead 带头 take effect生效 take charge of 负责 take one's leave
告辞
think v.思考;认为;想起 Yes, I think so.是的,我认为是。
think about 考虑,关心 What do you think about it ?你对此怎么看?
think of想起,记得,觉得怎样 What do you think of their skill ?你
觉得他们演奏技术如何?
think of as 把……当作…… think over 仔细考虑 think out想出,解决
了,想清楚
think back to 回想过去 think well of高度评价 think highly of高度评
价
throw v.投射;摔倒 n. 投掷 to throw a plane 抛(纸)飞机
throw about 到处扔 throw away 扔掉,浪费(金钱),失去(机会)
throw back扔回来,阻止,进攻 throw down 扔下来,推翻 within a stones
throw off 靠……很近
throw in扔,扔进 throw into 扔,扔进 throw in a word or two 插一两
句话
throw off 匆忙地脱掉,摆脱,扔掉 throw off one's airs 放下某人的架
子 throw on 匆忙穿上
throw out 赶走 Don't throw out the baby with the bath water.切勿良
莠不分一起抛。
throw light on提供线索,有助理解某事 throw one's self into投入 throw
cold water泼冷水
turn v. 转向,旋转 n. 轮流 Open your books and turn to page 20. 打
开书,翻到第20页。
turn back 翻回到+to turn down 拒绝,音量调低
turn up 音量调高,出席 L: You can fill in this lost property report,
and I'll keep my eye out for it. Those kinds of things usually turn up
eventually, but I suggest you contact your embassy and tell them about
your situation, so they can issue you a new passport in case it doesn't
show up.管理员:你来填这张遗失报告表,我会替你留意的。像这样的东西,最
后总是会出现的。但我建议你跟你们的大使馆联系并把你的情形告诉他们。万一
你的护照找不到的话,他们会给你补发新护照的。
turn in 上交 Please turn in your paper before leaving.请在离开前将
论文交上。
turn oneself in 自首 turn into把……变成……,把……翻译成……
turn out结果是,制造出,生产出,培养出,关(煤气) 50. How did the
game turn out ?球赛结果如何?
turn over 移交,把……打翻 turn to转向,求助于,翻到第几页 Open your
books and turn to page 20.打开书,翻到第20页。
turn to sb for help 求助于 turn against 背叛 turn by one's轮流,交
替
in one's turn 轮到某人做某事 it is one's turn to do sth 轮到某人做
某事
wear v. 穿,戴,磨损,耐久 What will you wear for the party ?晚会
上你穿什么?
wear sb out 使某人精疲力尽 wear sth out 使某物被穿破
wear off慢慢地消失掉,褪掉 wear away磨掉,(时间)消逝 wear on(时
间)消逝
work vi.(机器等)运转;活动 I'll work for the next 5 days. 我要工
作5 天(从明天算起)
work on 从事于某项工作 I'll work on my computer.我要练电脑。 work
on a problem从事于某项工作
work out算出(总数)to work out a sum 算出总数带来好结果;有预期的
结果Things will work themselves out.事情会有好结果的。运动;锻炼to work
out daily with sparring partner 每天和拳击陪练员练习 I could work out
in your class with no problem.如果我去你的班上做运动一定不会觉得有问题。
(矿山)开采完,采尽
work at 在做…… I start work at 8 o'clock. 我八点开始工作。 work
in with 配合 work up准备
work in 编进去 Yes. I'm a designer, and I work in a boutique.是的
我是位设计师我在一家服装店工作。